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  • Title: Efficient Monte Carlo simulation reveals significant multiple scattering errors in underwater angular scattering measurements.
    Author: Ugulen HS, Sandven H, Hamre B, Kristoffersen AS, Sætre C.
    Journal: Opt Express; 2022 Mar 28; 30(7):10802-10817. PubMed ID: 35473039.
    Abstract:
    Multiple scattering can severely affect the accuracy of optical instrumentation. Variance reduction methods have been implemented to improve a Monte Carlo model developed to simulate volume scattering functions measured by LISST-VSF instruments. The implemented methods can result in more than a tenfold increase in efficiency. The simulation is used to analyze multiple scattering errors for a range of Fournier-Forand (FF) phase functions. Our results demonstrate significant errors in the scattering coefficient, backscattering coefficient and phase function, where multiple scattering errors may only be considered negligible (<10%) for scattering coefficients <1 m-1. The errors depend strongly on the scattering coefficient but also increase when phase functions become more forward-peaked.
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