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  • Title: [Preliminary experience with double-tract reconstruction combined with π-shaped esophagojejunal anastomosis after total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy for the treatment of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction].
    Author: Hu P, Zhang KC, Cui JX, Liang WQ, Xi HQ, Sun DC, Lu CR, Chen L.
    Journal: Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi; 2022 May 25; 25(5):440-446. PubMed ID: 35599399.
    Abstract:
    UNLABELLED: Objective: To explore the feasibility and preliminary technical experience of the double-tract reconstruction combined with π-shaped esophagojejunal anastomosis after total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (TLPG) in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG). Methods: A descriptive case series study method was used. Clinical data of 12 AEG patients who underwent the double-tract reconstruction combined with π-shaped esophagojejunal anastomosis after TLPG from January 2021 to June 2021 at the Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center, PLA General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 12 patients, the median tumor diameter was 2.0 (1.5-2.9) cm, and the pathological stage was T1-3N0-3aM0. All the patients routinely underwent TLPG and D2 lymph node dissection with double-tract reconstruction combined with π-shaped esophagojejunal anastomosis: (1) Double-tract reconstruction combined with π-shaped esophagojejunal anastomosis: mesentery 25 cm away from the Trevor ligament was treated, and an incision of about 1 cm was made on the mesenteric border of the intestinal wall and the right wall of the esophagus, two arms of the linear cutting closure were inserted, and esophagojejunal side-to-side anastomosis was performed. A linear stapler was used to cut off the lower edge of the anastomosis and close the common opening to complete the esophagojejunal π-shaped anastomosis. (2) Side-to-side gastrojejunostomy anastomosis: an incision of about 1 cm was made at the jejunum to mesenteric border and at the greater curvature of the remnant stomach 15 cm from the esophagojejunostomy, and a linear stapler was inserted to complete the gastrojejunostomy side-to-side anastomosis. (3) Side-to-side jejunojejunal anastomosis: an incision of about 1 cm was made at the proximal and distal jejunum to the mesangial border 40 cm from the esophagojejunostomy, and two arms of the linear stapler were inserted respectively to complete the side-to-side jejunojejunal anastomosis. A midline incision about 4-6 cm in the upper abdomen was conducted to take out the specimen, and an abdominal drainage tube was placed, then layer-by-layer abdominal closure was performed. INDICATIONS: (1) adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (Seiwert type II-III) was diagnosed by endoscopy and pathological examination; (2) ability to preserve at least 1/2 of the distal stomach after R0 resection of proximal stomach was evaluated preoperatively. CONTRAINDICATIONS: (1) evaluation indicated distant metastasis of tumor or invasion of other organs; (2) short abdominal esophagus or existence of diaphragmatic hiatal hernia was assessed during the operation; (3) mesentery was too short or the tension was too high; (4) existence of severe comorbidities before surgery; (5) only palliative surgery was required in preoperative evaluation; (6) poor nutritional status. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, time to first flatus and time to start liquid diet, postoperative hospital stay, operation cost, etc. Continuous variables that conformed to normal distribution were presented as mean ± standard deviation, and those that did not conform to normal distribution were presented as median (Q1,Q3). Results: All the patients successfully completed TLPG with double-tract reconstruction combined with π-shaped esophagojejunal anastomosis, and postoperative pathology showed that no cancer cells were found on the upper incision margin. The operation time was (247.9±62.4) minutes, the median intraoperative blood loss was 100.0 (62.5, 100.0) ml, no intraoperative blood transfusion was required, the incision length was (4.9±1.0) cm, and the operation cost was (55.5±0.7) thousand yuan. The median time to start liquid diet was 1.0 (1.0, 2.0) days, and the mean time to flatus was (3.1±0.9) days. All the patients were discharged uneventfully. Only 1 patient developed postoperative paralytic ileus and infectious pneumonia with Clavien-Dindo classification of grade II. The patient recovered after conservative treatment. There was no surgery-related death. The postoperative hospital stay was (8.3±2.1) days. Conclusion: The double-tract reconstruction combined with π-shaped esophagojejunal anastomosis after TLPG is safe and feasible, which can minimize surgical trauma and accelerate postoperative recovery. 目的： 探究完全腹腔镜下近端胃切除双通道重建食管空肠π形吻合术治疗食管胃结合部腺癌的可行性，并总结初步技术经验。 方法： 采用描述性病例系列研究的方法。回顾分析2021年1月至2021年6月在解放军总医院第一医学中心普通外科医学部接受完全腹腔镜下近端胃切除术双通道法食管空肠π形吻合的12例食管胃结合部腺癌患者临床资料。12例患者中，肿瘤长径中位数2.0（1.5~2.9） cm，病理分期均为T1-3N0-3aM0。所有患者常规在完全腹腔镜下行根治性近端胃切除术淋巴结清扫，游离食管下段约5 cm，游离胃大弯、胃小弯侧拟切除位置，至少保留1/2远端胃，以直线切割闭合器切断远端胃体。手术适应证：（1）经内镜及病理检查诊断食管胃结合部腺癌（SeiwertⅡ~Ⅲ型）；（2）术前评估近端胃R(0)切除后能够保留至少1/2的远端胃。禁忌证：（1）经评估存在肿瘤远处转移或其他脏器侵犯；（2）术中评估腹段食管较短或存在膈肌食管裂孔疝者；（3）空肠系膜过短或张力过高；（4）术前存在严重合并症；（5）术前评估仅行姑息性手术；（6）营养状态不佳者。在完全腹腔镜下行双通道法食管空肠π形吻合消化道重建：（1）食管空肠π形吻合：处理距屈氏韧带25 cm处空肠系膜，于该处肠壁对系膜缘及食管右侧壁各取一长约1 cm切口，插入直线切割闭合器两臂，击发完成食管空肠侧侧吻合，使用直线切割闭合器于吻合口下缘离断并闭合共同开口，完成食管空肠π形吻合；（2）残胃空肠侧侧吻合：距食管空肠吻合口15 cm处空肠对系膜缘及残胃大弯侧各取一长约1 cm切口，置入直线切割闭合器，击发完成胃空肠侧侧吻合；（3）空肠空肠侧侧吻合：距食管空肠吻合口40 cm处近远端空肠对系膜缘取一长约1 cm切口，直线切割闭合器两臂分别置入，击发完成空肠空肠侧侧吻合。取上腹正中切口，长4~6 cm，取出标本，留置腹腔引流管，逐层关腹。主要观察指标为手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症、术后排气时间和进食时间以及住院时间、手术费用等。符合正态分布的连续变量资料用x±s表示，不符合正态分布的连续变量资料采用M（Q(1)，Q(3)）表示。 结果： 所有患者均成功实施完全腹腔镜下近端胃切除术双通道法食管空肠π形吻合，术后病理示上切缘均未见癌细胞。手术时间（247.9±62.4） min，术中中位出血量100.0（62.5，100.0） ml，所有患者均未术中输血，切口长度（4.9±1.0） cm，手术费用（55.5±0.7）万元，首次进食时间中位数1.0（1.0，2.0） d，排气时间（3.1±0.9） d。所有患者顺利出院，围手术期内仅1例出现术后麻痹性肠梗阻和感染性肺炎，Clavien-Dindo分级均为Ⅱ级，予以保守治疗痊愈，无手术相关死亡。术后住院天数（8.3±2.1） d。 结论： 完全腹腔镜下近端胃切除双通道重建食管空肠π形吻合术手术创伤小，安全可行。.
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