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  • Title: Deterministic switching of a perpendicularly polarized magnet using unconventional spin-orbit torques in WTe2.
    Author: Kao IH, Muzzio R, Zhang H, Zhu M, Gobbo J, Yuan S, Weber D, Rao R, Li J, Edgar JH, Goldberger JE, Yan J, Mandrus DG, Hwang J, Cheng R, Katoch J, Singh S.
    Journal: Nat Mater; 2022 Sep; 21(9):1029-1034. PubMed ID: 35710631.
    Abstract:
    Spin-orbit torque (SOT)-driven deterministic control of the magnetic state of a ferromagnet with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy is key to next-generation spintronic applications including non-volatile, ultrafast and energy-efficient data-storage devices. However, field-free deterministic switching of perpendicular magnetization remains a challenge because it requires an out-of-plane antidamping torque, which is not allowed in conventional spin-source materials such as heavy metals and topological insulators due to the system's symmetry. The exploitation of low-crystal symmetries in emergent quantum materials offers a unique approach to achieve SOTs with unconventional forms. Here we report an experimental realization of field-free deterministic magnetic switching of a perpendicularly polarized van der Waals magnet employing an out-of-plane antidamping SOT generated in layered WTe2, a quantum material with a low-symmetry crystal structure. Our numerical simulations suggest that the out-of-plane antidamping torque in WTe2 is essential to explain the observed magnetization switching.
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