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  • Title: [IUD and gynecological infections].
    Author: Marino L, Montoli S, Beretta P, Riccardi A, Sciarra E, Di Battista G.
    Journal: Minerva Ginecol; 1987; 39(1-2):47-55. PubMed ID: 3574747.
    Abstract:
    IUDs have assumed increasing importance as contraceptives. Better design and use of new materials has increased their safety and reduced their side effects. However, pathological problems are constantly reported in literature. They include menstrual alterations (menometrorrhagia), pelvic infection, ectopic pregnancies, and perforation of the uterus. Results of research conducted at the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic at the University of Pavia are reported. The pathogenesis and etiology of cervico-vaginitis, actinomyces infections, PID and septic abortion in patients using IUDs were examined. It is concluded that the use of the spiral IUD is contraindicated for women affected by immunodeficiency and for patients with diseases that require therapy with anti-inflammatory agents. Special attention should be given to nulliparous patients with cardiovalvular problems and to patients during the immediate postpartum period. The importance of performing a bacteriological cervico-vaginal examination before the insertion of the IUD is stressed. Aside from common aerobic germs, the patient should be examined for anaerobic germs and agents of sexually transmitted diseases. Any form of cervico-vaginitis should be treated prior to insertion. A bacteriological checkup should be performed continually in order to prevent possible phlogistic as well as asymptomatic or minor symptomatic complications. The IUD should be replaced within 2 years of insertion. If infections occur, the device must be removed and an antibiotic therapy initiated.
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