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  • Title: Modified forms of vasopressin and oxytocin in a bovine pineal preparation.
    Author: Noteborn HP, Burbach JP, Ebels I.
    Journal: FEBS Lett; 1987 Jun 01; 216(2):200-6. PubMed ID: 3582672.
    Abstract:
    A bovine pineal acid extract displays a vasotocin-like bioactivity in several bioassays, and is recognized by antibodies against the Pro-Arg-Gly-amide ending common to vasopressin and vasotocin. By using molecular sieve filtration and reversed-phase HPLC, a vasopressin- and oxytocin-like peptide was isolated from this pineal preparation, while no evidence for a vasotocin-like peptide was obtained. The isolated neuropeptides contain a modified amino acid at position 2. This structural difference with authentic pituitary vasopressin and oxytocin may alter their biological and immunological properties, which have been interpreted as vasotocin-like, and thus underlies the controversy concerning the existence of vasotocin in the mammalian pineal gland.
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