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  • Title: Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins: The outstanding questions.
    Author: Johnstone BA, Joseph R, Christie MP, Morton CJ, McGuiness C, Walsh JC, Böcking T, Tweten RK, Parker MW.
    Journal: IUBMB Life; 2022 Dec; 74(12):1169-1179. PubMed ID: 35836358.
    Abstract:
    The cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are a major family of bacterial pore-forming proteins secreted as virulence factors by Gram-positive bacterial species. CDCs are produced as soluble, monomeric proteins that bind specifically to cholesterol-rich membranes, where they oligomerize into ring-shaped pores of more than 30 monomers. Understanding the details of the steps the toxin undergoes in converting from monomer to a membrane-spanning pore is a continuing challenge. In this review we summarize what we know about CDCs and highlight the remaining outstanding questions that require answers to obtain a complete picture of how these toxins kill cells.
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