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  • Title: Effect of bicarbonate on nitrate-induced photosensitive degradation of sulfamethoxazole under UV irradiation.
    Author: Liu Y, Wang S, Fu D, Fu Y.
    Journal: Environ Technol; 2024 Jan; 45(1):170-179. PubMed ID: 35838616.
    Abstract:
    In this study, the influence of HCO3- on NO3--induced photosensitive degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) under UV irradiation was investigated. It was found that the removal of SMX by UV in the presence of NO3- improved significantly compared to its photolysis, which was confirmed to be due to the role of hydroxyl radical (HO•) formed through UV-activated NO3-. However, the addition of HCO3- in UV/NO3- system could further enhance SMX degradation, which was verified to be ascribed to the formed carbonate radical (CO3•-) through the reaction of HCO3- with HO•. The second-order rate constant of CO3•- with SMX was determined to be 2.58 × 108 M-1 s-1. In UV/NO3-/HCO3- system, the reactive species for SMX removal were HO• and CO3•-, and the contribution of CO3•- to SMX degradation might be much higher than that of HO•. The concentration of NO3- was almost unchanged after reaction in UV/NO3- and UV/NO3-/HCO3- systems because of its regeneration. Based on the detected four transformation products, the possible degradation pathways of SMX in UV/NO3-/HCO3- system were proposed including hydroxylation, amino-oxidation and bond cleavage.
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