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  • Title: The DNA-damage kinase ATR activates the FANCD2-FANCI clamp by priming it for ubiquitination.
    Author: Sijacki T, Alcón P, Chen ZA, McLaughlin SH, Shakeel S, Rappsilber J, Passmore LA.
    Journal: Nat Struct Mol Biol; 2022 Sep; 29(9):881-890. PubMed ID: 36050501.
    Abstract:
    DNA interstrand cross-links are tumor-inducing lesions that block DNA replication and transcription. When cross-links are detected at stalled replication forks, ATR kinase phosphorylates FANCI, which stimulates monoubiquitination of the FANCD2-FANCI clamp by the Fanconi anemia core complex. Monoubiquitinated FANCD2-FANCI is locked onto DNA and recruits nucleases that mediate DNA repair. However, it remains unclear how phosphorylation activates this pathway. Here, we report structures of FANCD2-FANCI complexes containing phosphomimetic FANCI. We observe that, unlike wild-type FANCD2-FANCI, the phosphomimetic complex closes around DNA, independent of the Fanconi anemia core complex. The phosphomimetic mutations do not substantially alter DNA binding but instead destabilize the open state of FANCD2-FANCI and alter its conformational dynamics. Overall, our results demonstrate that phosphorylation primes the FANCD2-FANCI clamp for ubiquitination, showing how multiple posttranslational modifications are coordinated to control DNA repair.
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