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  • Title: [The importance of intranasal trigeminal event-related potentials test for patients with olfactory dysfunction].
    Author: Liu J, Zhan LY, Yao X, Gao HB, Xie FF, Chang F.
    Journal: Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi; 2022 Aug 07; 57(8):974-979. PubMed ID: 36058665.
    Abstract:
    Objective: To analyze the characteristics of trigeminal event-related potentials (tERPs) in different kinds of olfactory disorders (OD), and to evaluate the importance of tERPs for the patients with olfactory dysfunction. Methods: Clinical data of 314 patients with olfactory dysfunction from the Smell and Taste Clinics in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from 2015 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, including 158 males and 156 females, aging from 6 to 78 years. The control group consisted of healthy people from medical examination center, who were gender and age matched. The clinical characteristics of OD were analyzed using Sniffin' Sticks test, olfactory event-related potentials (oERPs), tERPs and acoustic rhinometry test. SPSS 17.0 software was used to compare the difference of tERPs between the two groups, and to analyze the related factors affecting trigeminal function. Results: The ratio of tERPs presence was different in OD caused by different reasons: head traumatic OD (54.9%), post-virus infection OD (63.6%), sinonasal inflammatory OD (68.4%) and OD due to other causes (56.9%). Compared with controls, tERPs signals in OD patients showed a significant lower amplitude in the N1 wave (all P<0.001), and lower amplitude in the P2 wave in most OD patients (head trauma t=-4.11, P<0.001; sinonasal inflammation t=-2.04, P=0.046; others t=-2.40, P=0.020) except in OD by post-virus infection (t=-1.98, P=0.052). tERPs signals in OD patients by sinonasal inflammation showed longer latency in the N1 wave (t=2.15, P=0.036), but this difference was not observed in other OD patients (all P>0.05). tERPs signals were significantly correlated with the Sniffin' Sticks score, deficiency of oERPs and nasal minimum cross-sectional area (all P<0.05). Conclusions: OD patients show neurophysiologic deficits in trigeminal function. The absence of tERPs or lower amplitude in N1 waves are the important characteristics of patients with OD. 目的： 分析三叉神经事件相关电位（trigeminal event-related potentials，tERPs）在不同类型的嗅觉障碍性疾病中的检测特征，探讨其临床意义。 方法： 回顾性分析2015—2021年就诊于北京安贞医院嗅觉味觉诊疗中心的314例嗅觉障碍患者的资料，其中男158例，女156例，年龄6~78岁。对照组为来自体检中心且性别年龄相匹配、无嗅觉相关疾病的健康志愿者。对嗅觉障碍患者分别进行主观嗅觉功能检查（Sniffin′s Sticks测试）、嗅觉事件相关电位（olfactory event-related potentials，oERPs）、tERPs和鼻声反射检测。采用SPSS 17.0软件比较2组tERPs检测结果的差异，分析影响三叉神经功能的相关因素。 结果： tERPs波形在不同类型的嗅觉障碍性疾病中的引出率有所不同：外伤性嗅觉障碍为54.9%，上呼吸道感染后嗅觉障碍为63.6%，炎性嗅觉障碍为68.4%，其他原因导致的嗅觉障碍为56.9%。与对照组相比，嗅觉障碍患者tERPs的N1波振幅显著降低（P值均<0.001），外伤、炎症及其他原因导致的嗅觉障碍患者P2波的振幅显著降低（外伤t=-4.11，P<0.001；炎症t=-2.04，P=0.046；其他t=-2.40，P=0.020）。炎性嗅觉障碍患者N1波潜伏期延长（t=2.15，P=0.036），而其他几类病因的嗅觉障碍患者tERPs波形的潜伏期与对照组的差异无统计学意义（P值均>0.05）。tERPs与嗅觉功能的损伤程度、oERPs缺失率以及鼻腔最小横截面积均显著相关（P值均<0.05）。 结论： 嗅觉障碍患者的三叉神经电生理功能存在异常，tERPs波形缺失或N1波振幅减小是嗅觉障碍患者的重要临床特征。.
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