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  • Title: Long-term Spartina alterniflora invasion simplified soil seed bank and regenerated community in a coastal marsh wetland.
    Author: Jia P, Qu G, Jia J, Li D, Sun Y, Liu L.
    Journal: Ecol Appl; 2024 Jan; 34(1):e2754. PubMed ID: 36177771.
    Abstract:
    The coastal wetland is easily invaded by alien species due to locating in the land and sea transitional area. As a potential driving regeneration force, the soil seed bank is vital to the community restoration and species diversity protection. To reveal the long-term Spartina alterniflora invasion impact on the soil seed banks and regenerated communities, we investigated the seed banks under the different vegetation types (S. alterniflora, Phragmites australis, Scirpus mariqueter, ruderal and unvegetated site) and soil depths (0-5 and 5-10 cm) in the coastal salt marsh wetland, Chongming island, eastern China. The results showed that the soil seed bank richness and species density under different vegetation types were higher than the aboveground vegetation, and those of 0-5 cm seed banks were higher than 5-10 cm, except for the unvegetated site. The species richness and S. alterniflora seed proportion in the seed banks under S. alterniflora communities (S.AS) were lower and larger respectively than those of other sites. The species composition between S.AS and the aboveground communities showed high similarity with aggregation phylogenetic structures in two soil depths. The seed bank variations at 0-5 and 5-10 cm depths were interpreted 3.03% and 2.25% by the aboveground communities, while 4.92% and 5.55% were interpreted by the soil microbial biomass. The SEM model explained 98.1% and 91.8% of the seed banks richness at the 0-5 cm depth and 5-10 cm depth, respectively, and explained 98.8% and 46.1% of the seed banks species density at the 0-5 cm depth and 5-10 cm depth, respectively. The aboveground vegetation biomass and abundance directly affected the 0-5 cm seed banks richness and species density, while its height and biomass only affected the 5-10 cm seed banks species density. The 0-10 cm soil depth microbial biomass indirectly affected the 0-5 cm seed banks richness and species density, while affected the 5-10 cm seed banks richness. Soil physical and chemical properties only indirectly affected the 0-5 cm seed banks species density. The results provided a reference for the ecological evaluation of the impacts of S. alterniflora invasion into the coastal salt marsh wetland of eastern China, and guidance for the protection and restoration of the native plant communities. 滨海湿地由于地处海陆过渡地带，极易受到外来物种的入侵。土壤种子库作为一种潜在的驱动更新的动力，对群落恢复和物种多样性保护至关重要。为了揭示互花米草长期入侵对土壤种子库和更新群落的影响，我们对中国东部崇明岛滨海盐沼湿地不同植被类型(互花米草、芦苇、海三菱藨草、芦苇和无植被生境)和土壤深度(0-5 cm和5-10 cm)下的种子库进行了调查。结果表明，不同植被类型下土壤种子库丰富度和物种密度均高于地上植被。除光滩外，0-5 cm土壤深度种子库的物种丰富度和物种密度均高于5-10 cm土壤深度种子库。互花米草群落(S. AS)下的土壤种子库中的物种丰富度和互花米草种子比例，分别低于和高于其他样地。互花米草群落(S. AS)下在两个土壤深度的种子库与地上群落的物种组成，均呈聚集式系统发育结构，且表现出高度相似性。地上群落分别解释了0-5cm和5-10 cm土壤深度种子库变异的3.03%和2.25%，而土壤微生物生物量则分别解释了4.92%和5.55%。SEM模型分别解释了0-5 cm和5-10 cm深度种子库中物种丰富度的98.1%和91.8%，解释了0-5 cm和5-10 cm深度种子库中物种密度的98.8%和46.1%。地上植被生物量和多度直接影响0-5cm土壤种子库中的物种丰富度和物种密度，而其高度和生物量只影响5-10 cm土壤种子库中的物种密度。0-10cm土壤微生物生物量间接影响0-5cm土壤种子库中的物种丰富度和物种密度，同时影响5-10 cm土壤种子库中的物种丰富度。土壤理化性质仅间接影响0-5 cm土壤种子库中的物种密度。研究结果为互花米草入侵对我国东部滨海盐沼湿地影响的生态学评价提供了参考，为本土植物群落的保护与恢复提供了指导。 外来物种入侵，滨海盐沼湿地，微生物量，互花米草，土壤性质，土壤种子库，植被类型.
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