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  • Title: Successful management of ectopic kidney stones in a patient with situs inversus totalis: a rare case report.
    Author: Mansour M, Naksho A, Ouerdane Y, Alsuliman T, Almozawer H, Alrebdawi K.
    Journal: BMC Urol; 2022 Nov 10; 22(1):179. PubMed ID: 36357922.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Situs inversus totalis is a very rare congenital anatomical variation, in which all thoracic and abdominal organs are right-left inverted. This condition is associated with an increased risk of organ malformations including ectopic kidney, which is a very rare combination. CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-year-old male presented with colicky left iliac pain associated with nausea, vomiting, and irritative lower urinary symptoms. The patient has a medical history of recurrent lower urinary infections and a family history of situs inversus totalis. Radiological images demonstrated dextrocardia, situs inversus totalis of all the abdominal organs, and an ectopic pelvic kidney on the left side, with 4 stones inside it. Left nephrectomy was performed due to extensive renal damage. At discharge and during follow-up, the patient's condition was satisfactory and stable. CONCLUSIONS: The ectopic kidney may present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges when associated with situs inversus.
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