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Title: [Clinicopathological features of verrucous type dysplasia of esophagus].
Author: Hou WH, Song SJ, Hou WD, Shi ZY, Ma LJ, Niu JW, Jin ML.
Journal: Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi; 2022 Dec 08; 51(12):1217-1222. PubMed ID: 36480829.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of verrucous type (squamous) dysplasia of esophagus. Methods: The clinicopathological data of 18 verrucous type dysplasia of esophagus patients in the 989th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army (formerly 152 Central Hospital) and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from 2009 to 2021 were retrospectively collected. The histomorphologic characteristics and immunophenotype were observed, and human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping was detected by PCR-fluorescence probe. The relevant literature was reviewed. Results: The median age of the 18 patients was 68 years (range 53-76 years); there were 13 males and 5 females. There were four cases in the upper esophagus, seven in the middle esophagus and seven in the lower esophagus. The median diameter of the lesion was 18 mm (range 6-54 mm). According to the Paris Classification, 11 cases were 0-Ⅱa, one case was 0-Ⅱa+Ⅰ, five cases were 0-Ⅱb, and one case was 0-Ⅱb+Ⅰ. White light endoscopy showed that the surface of the lesion was white plaque, red areas between the plaques, and papillary surface structure could be seen. In narrow-band imaging, some mucosal areas of lesions were opaque or patchy and light brown, and papillary microsurface structures were different in shapes and sizes. Intraepithelial microvessels were elongated, dilated, twisted and varied in diameter. Lugol iodine stain showed nil to faint staining. Histologically, the atypia cells were large with rounded to irregular nuclei, coarse chromatin, mitotic figures, and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. The basal cells showed increased atypia, crowding, increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, and active mitosis. The cells were arranged haphazardly. Single cell keratinization, binuclear cells, and hollow-out-like cells, as well as surface epithelial keratinization and parakeratosis were observed in three cases. There were obvious verrucous or papillary structures in the epithelial layer. Five patients had local verrucous carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the mutant expression of p53 protein in 6/10 cases; p16 was positive in 5/10 cases; abnormal Ki-67 distribution pattern in 10/10 cases. HPV was negative in all 10 cases tested. The original pathologic diagnosis of preoperative biopsy was high-grade dysplasia in 8 cases, low-grade dysplasia in 6 cases and atypical squamous epithelial cells in 4 cases. Conclusions: Esophageal verrucous dysplasia tumor cells are well differentiated with obvious verrucous or papillary structures. The unique morphological features suggest that it represents a histological subtype of esophageal squamous high-grade dysplasia and it is a precursor of verrucous carcinoma. Its preoperative biopsy diagnosis is challenging. 目的： 探讨食管疣状型异型增生临床病理学特征。 方法： 回顾性收集2009—2021年解放军联勤保障部队第九八九医院平顶山医疗区（原第一五二中心医院）和首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院18例食管疣状型异型增生的临床病理资料，观察组织形态学特征和免疫表型，PCR-荧光探针法检测人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）基因分型，并结合文献进行探讨。 结果： 18例患者男13例，女5例；中位年龄68岁（范围53~76岁）。食管上段4例、中段7例、下段7例。肿瘤中位直径18 mm（范围6~54 mm）。按巴黎分型0~Ⅱa型11例，0~Ⅱa+Ⅰ型1例，0~Ⅱb型5例，0~Ⅱb+Ⅰ型1例。白光内镜观察：病变表面呈现白色斑块状，斑块间发红，可见乳头状微表面结构。窄带成像病变黏膜部分区域不透光或呈斑片状浅棕褐色，乳头状微表面结构的形状和大小不一；上皮内微血管拉长、扩张、扭曲、管径不一。卢戈碘染不着色或浅染。组织学上，异型细胞体积大，核圆形至不规则形，染色质粗糙，可见核分裂，胞质丰富粉红色。上皮基底部细胞异型性增加，细胞密度高，核质比增加，核分裂活跃，细胞排列紊乱。3例肿瘤中可见单个细胞角化、双核细胞和挖空样细胞，以及表层上皮角化及角化不全。异型上皮层内有明显的疣状或乳头状结构。5例在局部伴有疣状癌。免疫组织化学染色显示肿瘤p53蛋白突变型表达占比6/10；p16阳性占比5/10；Ki-67异常分布模式占比10/10。HPV在被检测的10例中均为阴性。术前活检原病理诊断为高级别异型增生8例，低级别异型增生6例，诊断为不典型性鳞状上皮细胞4例。 结论： 食管疣状型异型增生肿瘤细胞分化良好并伴有明显的疣状或乳头状结构；独特的形态学特征提示它代表了食管鳞状上皮高级别异型增生的一种组织学亚型，是疣状癌的前体病变。术前活检诊断具有挑战性。.

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