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  • Title: Phosphonate-Functionalized Ionic Liquid Gel Polymer Electrolyte with High Safety for Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Batteries.
    Author: Song J, Liao K, Si J, Zhao C, Wang J, Zhou M, Liang H, Gong J, Cheng YJ, Gao J, Xia Y.
    Journal: ACS Appl Mater Interfaces; 2023 Jan 18; 15(2):2901-2910. PubMed ID: 36602816.
    Abstract:
    The conventional lithium-ion battery technology relies on the liquid carbonate-based electrolyte solution, which causes excessive side reactions, serious risk of electrolyte leakage, high flammability, and significant safety hazards. In this work, phosphonate-functionalized imidazolium ionic liquid (PFIL) is synthesized and used as a gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) to replace the organic carbonate-based electrolyte solution. The as-prepared ionic liquid-based gel polymer electrolyte (IL-GPE) shows low crystallinity, flame retardance, and excellent electrochemical performance. Thanks to the fast double channel transport of lithium ions in the IL-GPE electrolyte, a high ionic conductivity of 0.48 mS cm-1 and a lithium-ion transference number of 0.37 are exhibited. Symmetrical lithium cells with IL-GPE retain stable cycling even after 3000 h under 0.1 mA cm-2. IL-GPE exhibits good compatibility toward lithium metal, yielding excellent long-term electrochemical kinetic stability. IL-GPE induces the formation of a uniform and robust SEI layer, inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites and improving the rate performance and cycle stability. Furthermore, Li/LiFePO4 cells exhibit a specific capacity of 63 mA h g-1 after 150 cycles at 5.0 C, with a capacity retention of 90.2%. It is foreseen that this GPE is a promising candidate to enhance the safety of high-performance lithium metal batteries.
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