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  • Title: [Do oral contraceptives increase the risk of developing cholelithiasis?].
    Author: Sorf M, Krislo V, Sulek P, Krsák S, Krislová M, Mach M, Masek O, Volár F.
    Journal: Cesk Gynekol; 1987 Jul; 52(6):434-7. PubMed ID: 3664652.
    Abstract:
    106 IUD user, parous women (1.9-2.2 births) with an average age of 29.8 years and findings of triglyceridemia of 1.65 mmol/1 and cholesterolemia of 5.9 mmol/1 were studied. The control group consisted of 114 parous women (2.1 children) nonusers with an average age of 26.7 years and findings of triglyceridemia of 1.72 mmol/1 and cholesterolemia of 6 mmol/1. The IUD users were divided into 4 groups according to duration of use: 1-12 months, 13-24 months, 23-36 months, and 36 months. 45 women used Norbiogest, 34 used Neogest, 19 used Ovidon, 26 used Yermonil, 15 used Biogest, and 3 used Nonovlon. The incidence of cholelithiasis, measured by the 3.5 mHZ linear cholecystic sound of the SAL-22A ultrasonographic device made by Toshiba, was 13.2% in 106 IUD users vs. 10.5% in 114 nonusers, a finding without statistical significance. The rate of cholelithiasis was 20% in those who used IUDs for 36 months (average of 51 months) which was statistically significant when compared to the first group (10.9% rate) or controls (10.5%). The rate of longterm IUD users was similar to those who had had 3 pregnancies in their anamnesis (21.5%). Prolonged use of IUDs exceeding 3 years was associated with increased risk of developing cholelithiasis, but the levels of triglycerides and cholesterol were not different in the 2 groups. The following risk factors of the disease have to be considered for judging pathogenic potential: family history, prior birth, and obesity.
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