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  • Title: Alpha-Mangosteen lessens high-fat/high-glucose diet and low-dose streptozotocin induced-hepatic manifestations in the insulin resistance rat model.
    Author: Soetikno V, Andini P, Iskandar M, Matheos CC, Herdiman JA, Kyle IK, Suma MNI, Louisa M, Estuningtyas A.
    Journal: Pharm Biol; 2023 Dec; 61(1):241-248. PubMed ID: 36655319.
    Abstract:
    CONTEXT: α-Mangosteen (α-MG) attenuates insulin resistance (IR). However, it is still unknown whether α-MG could alleviate hepatic manifestations in IR rats. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of α-MG on alleviating hepatic manifestations in IR rats through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS: IR was induced by exposing male Sprague-Dawley rats (180-200 g) to high-fat/high-glucose diet and low-dose injection of streptozotocin (HF/HG/STZ), then treated with α-MG at a dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks. At the end of the study (11 weeks), serum and liver were harvested for biochemical analysis, and the activity of AMPK, SREBP-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, Bax and liver histopathology were analyzed. RESULTS: α-MG at both doses significantly lowered ALT, AST, triglyceride, and cholesterol total by 16.5, 15.7, 38, and 36%, respectively. These beneficial effects of α-MG are associated with the downregulation of the IR-induced inflammation in the liver. Furthermore, α-MG, at both doses, activated AMPK by 24-29 times and reduced SREBP-1c by 44-50% as well as ACC expression by 19-31% similar to metformin. All treatment groups showed liver histopathology improvement regarding fat deposition in the liver. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings demonstrated, α-MG protected against HF/HG/STZ-induced hepatic manifestations of the IR rats, at least in part via the modulation of the AMPK/SREBP-1c/ACC pathway and it could be a potential drug candidate to prevent IR-induced hepatic manifestations.
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