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  • Title: Cross-reactivity analysis of milk proteins from different goat breeds with cow's milk allergens using a proteomic approach.
    Author: Mansor M, Al-Obaidi JR, Ismail IH, Abidin MAZ, Zakaria AF, Lau BYC, Mohsin AZ, Sukor R, Selamat J, Mahmud NK, Jambari NN.
    Journal: Mol Immunol; 2023 Mar; 155():44-57. PubMed ID: 36696839.
    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: Goat's milk thought to be a good substitute for cow's milk protein allergic (CMPA) individuals. However, there is growing evidence that their proteins have cross-reactivities with cow's milk allergens. This study aimed to profile and compare milk proteins from different goat breeds that have cross-reactivity to cow's milk allergens. METHODOLOGY: Proteomics was used to compare protein extracts of skim milk from Saanen, Jamnapari, and Toggenburg. Cow's milk was used as a control. IgE-immunoblotting and mass spectrometry were used to compare and identify proteins that cross-reacted with serum IgE from CMPA patients (n = 10). RESULTS: The analysis of IgE-reactive proteins revealed that the protein spots identified with high confidence were proteins homologous to common cow's milk allergens such as α-S1-casein (αS1-CN), β-casein (β-CN), κ-casein (κ-CN), and beta-lactoglobulin (β-LG). Jamnapari's milk proteins were found to cross-react with four major milk allergens: α-S1-CN, β-CN, κ-CN, and β-LG. Saanen goat's milk proteins, on the other hand, cross-reacted with two major milk allergens, α-S1-CN and β-LG, whereas Toggenburg goat's milk proteins only react with one of the major milk allergens, κ-CN. CONCLUSION: These findings may help in the development of hypoallergenic goat milk through cross-breeding strategies of goat breeds with lower allergenic milk protein contents.
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