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  • Title: [Hospitalization costs of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia in Shanghai].
    Author: Ye YZ, Gui YH, Lu Q, Hong JG, Feng R, Shen B, Zhang YJ, Dong XY, Su L, Wang XQ, Wang JY, Gu DP, Xu H, Huang GY, Yu SX, Zhang XB.
    Journal: Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi; 2023 Feb 02; 61(2):146-153. PubMed ID: 36720597.
    Abstract:
    Objective: To investigate the epidemiology and hospitalization costs of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Shanghai. Methods: A retrospective case summary was conducted on 63 614 hospitalized children with CAP in 59 public hospitals in Shanghai from January 2018 to December 2020. These children's medical records, including their basic information, diagnosis, procedures, and costs, were extracted. According to the medical institutions they were admitted, the patients were divided into the children's hospital group, the tertiary general hospital group and the secondary hospital group; according to the age, they were divided into <1 year old group, 1-<3 years old group, 3-<6 years old group, 6-<12 years old group and 12-18 years old group; according to the CAP severity, they were divided into severe pneumonia group and non-severe pneumonia group; according to whether an operation was conducted, the patients were divided into the operation group and the non-operation group. The epidemiological characteristics and hospitalization costs were compared among the groups. The χ2 test or Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for the comparisons between two groups as appropriate, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test was conducted for comparisons among multiple groups. Results: A total of 63 614 hospitalized children with CAP were enrolled, including 34 243 males and 29 371 females. Their visiting age was 4 (2, 6) years. The length of stay was 6 (5, 8) days. There were 17 974 cases(28.3%) in the secondary hospital group, 35 331 cases (55.5%) in the tertiary general hospital group and 10 309 cases (16.2%) in the children's hospital group. Compared with the hospitalizations cases in 2018 (27 943), the cases in 2019 (29 009) increased by 3.8% (1 066/27 943), while sharply declined by 76.2% (21 281/27 943) in 2020 (6 662). There were significant differences in the proportion of patients from other provinces and severe pneumonia cases, and the hospitalization costs among the children's hospital, secondary hospital and tertiary general hospital (7 146 cases(69.3%) vs. 2 202 cases (12.3%) vs. 9 598 cases (27.2%), 6 929 cases (67.2%) vs. 2 270 cases (12.6%) vs. 9 397 cases (26.6%), 8 304 (6 261, 11 219) vs. 1 882 (1 304, 2 796) vs. 3 195 (2 364, 4 352) CNY, χ2=10 462.50, 9 702.26, 28 037.23, all P<0.001). The annual total hospitalization costs of pediatric CAP from 2018 to 2020 were 110 million CNY, 130 million CNY and 40 million CNY, respectively. And the cost for each hospitalization increased year by year, which was 2 940 (1 939, 4 438), 3 215 (2 126, 5 011) and 3 673 (2 274, 6 975) CNY, respectively. There were also significant differences in the hospitalization expenses in the different age groups of <1 year old, 1-<3 years old, 3-<6 years old, 6-<12 years old and 12-18 years old (5 941 (2 787, 9 247) vs. 2 793 (1 803, 4 336) vs. 3 013 (2 070, 4 329) vs. 3 473 (2 400, 5 097) vs. 4 290 (2 837, 7 314) CNY, χ2=3 462.39, P<0.001). The hospitalization cost of severe pneumonia was significantly higher than that of non-severe cases (5 076 (3 250, 8 364) vs. 2 685 (1 780, 3 843) CNY, Z=109.77, P<0.001). The cost of patients who received operation was significantly higher than that of whom did not (10 040 (4 583, 14 308) vs. 3 083 (2 025, 4 747) CNY, Z=44.46, P<0.001). Conclusions: The number of children hospitalized with CAP in Shanghai decreased significantly in 2020 was significantly lower than that in 2018 and 2019.The proportion of patients from other provinces and with severe pneumonia are mainly admitted in children's hospitals. Hospitalization costs are higher in children's hospitals, and also for children younger than 1 year old, severe cases and patients undergoing operations. 目的： 探讨上海市社区获得性肺炎（CAP）住院患儿的流行病学特征及住院费用情况。 方法： 回顾性病例总结，纳入2018年1月至2020年12月上海市59家医疗机构共63 614例CAP住院患儿为研究对象，采集患儿基本信息、疾病诊断、手术操作和住院费用信息等，并根据来源医疗机构类型分为儿童专科医院组、三级综合性医院组和二级医院组；根据就诊年龄分为<1岁组、1~<3岁组、3~<6岁组、6~<12岁组和12~18岁组；根据疾病严重程度分为重症肺炎组和非重症肺炎组；根据是否接受了手术操作分为手术操作组和无手术操作组。两组间比较采用χ2检验和Wilcoxon秩和检验，多组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验，分析组间CAP住院患儿的流行病学特征和住院费用差异。 结果： 63 614例CAP住院患儿中男34 243例、女29 371例，就诊年龄为4（2，6）岁，住院时间为6（5，8）d。三级综合性医院组35 331例（55.5%）、二级医院组17 974例（28.3%）、儿童专科医院组10 309例（16.2%）。2018年CAP住院患儿27 943例、2019年29 009例，增长3.8%（1 066/27 943），2020年6 662例，与2018年相比下降76.2%（2 1281/27 943）。儿童专科医院、二级医院和三级综合性医院组收治外省市患儿、重症肺炎比例及住院费用差异均有统计学意义［7 146例（69.3%）比2 202例（12.3%）比9 598例（27.2%）、6 929例（67.2%）比2 270例（12.6%）比9 397例（26.6%）、8 304（6 261，11 219）比1 882（1 304，2 796）比3 195（2 364，4 352）元，χ2=10 462.50、9 702.26、28 037.23，均P<0.001］。2018至2020年CAP住院费用的总额分别为1.1亿、1.3亿、0.4亿元；2018至2020年单次住院费用分别为2 940（1 939，4 438）、3 215（2 126，5 011）和3 673（2 274，6 975）元。<1岁、1~<3岁、3~<6岁、6~<12岁、12~18岁组CAP患儿住院总费用差异有统计学意义［5 941（2 787，9 247）比2 793（1 803，4 336）比3 013（2 070，4 329）比3 473（2 400，5 097）比4 290（2 837，7 314）元，χ2=3 462.39，P<0.001］。重症肺炎组患儿的住院总费用高于非重症肺炎组［5 076（3 250，8 364）比2 685（1 780，3 843）元，Z=109.77，P<0.001］。接受手术操作患儿的住院总费用高于无手术操作组［10 040（4 583，14 308）比3 083（2 025，4 747）元，Z=44.46，P<0.001］。 结论： 2020年上海市儿童CAP住院患儿例数较2018年及2019年显著下降。儿童专科医院收治的CAP患儿中外省市患儿及重症肺炎比例较高。儿童专科医院、<1岁患儿、重症肺炎及接受手术操作的患儿住院费用较高。.
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