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Title: [Analysis on the clinical features of sarcoid uveitis].
Author: Yang PZ, Tan HD, Ye Z, Yi SL.
Journal: Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi; 2023 Mar 11; 59(3):196-201. PubMed ID: 36860106.
Abstract:
Objective: To analyze the clinical features of patients with sarcoid uveitis. Methods: This was a retrospective case series study. The medical records of 19 086 patients with uveitis admitted to the Department of Ophtalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from April 2008 to December 2019 were collected. The general data, medical history, treatment, diagnosis, follow-up, ophthalmic and other auxiliary examinations were retrospectively analyzed. The paired sample Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the affected eye at the first visit to the BCVA of the affected eye at the corresponding last visit. Results: A total of 51 patients (97 eyes) with sarcoid uveitis were included, including 15 males (29.4%) and 36 females (70.6%), with a male/female ratio of 1/2.4. There were 46 patients (88 eyes) with presumed sarcoidosis and 5 patients (9 eyes) with definite sarcoidosis. The age of onset was 48 (40, 55) years and 90.2% of patients (46 cases) were involved in both eyes, while 88.2% of the patients (45 cases) were chronic, and only 11.8% (6 cases) showed acute inflammatory response. Anterior uveitis was the most common type (50.5%, 49 eyes). Ophthalmoscopy revealed retinal vasculitis in only 2 eyes (2.1%) and fundus fluorescence angiography (FFA) revealed diffuse vascular leakage of fluorescein in 64 eyes (66.0%). Thirty-one patients (59 eyes) were followed up for≥3 months. Cataract was the most common ocular complication, accounting for 44.1% (26 eyes), and the inflammatory response was controlled in 45 eyes (76.3%) treated with combination of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents. The patients were followed up for 21.5 (13.7, 29.3) months. Among 31 patients (59 eyes) followed up for≥3 months, BCVA was≥0.8 in 25 eyes (42.3%) and<0.3 in 15 eyes (25.4%) at the last follow-up, BCVA of 59 affected eyes of 31 patients was better than that at the first visit, the difference was statistically significant (Z=-2.76, P=0.006). Conclusions: Uveitis associated with sarcoidosis or presumed ocular sarcoidosis mainly manifests as a bilateral, chronic anterior uveitis with a subclinical retinal vasculitis. FFA shows subclinical retinal vasculitis in most patients. Glucocorticoid therapy in combination with other immunosuppressive agents can control inflammatory responses and improve visual acuity in most patients. 目的： 探讨结节病性葡萄膜炎的临床特征。 方法： 回顾性病例系列研究。收集重庆医科大学附属第一医院眼科2008年4月至2019年12月收治的19 086例葡萄膜炎患者的病历资料，重点对结节病性葡萄膜炎患者的一般资料、病史、诊断、治疗、随访情况和眼科及其他辅助检查等进行回顾性分析。使用配对样本Wilcoxon符号秩检验比较患者首次和末次就诊时患眼的最佳矫正视力（BCVA）。 结果： 共纳入结节病性葡萄膜炎患者51例（97只眼），男性15例（29.4%），女性36例（70.6%），男女比例为1/2.4；其中46例（88只眼）患者为拟眼结节病，5例（9只眼）患者为确诊眼结节病。患者发病年龄为48（40，55）岁；90.2%患者（46例）双眼受累；88.2%患者（45例）为慢性经过，表现为急性炎性反应者仅占11.8%（6例）。前葡萄膜炎是最常见类型（49只眼，50.5%）。检眼镜检查仅发现2只眼（2.1%）合并有视网膜血管炎，荧光素眼底血管造影术（FFA）检查显示64只眼（66.0%）荧光素弥散性血管渗漏。患者的随访时间为21.5（13.7，29.3）个月，31例患者（59只眼）的随访时间≥3个月。白内障是最常见的眼部并发症，占44.1%（26只眼）。糖皮质激素联合其他免疫抑制剂治疗45只眼（76.3%）的炎性反应得到控制。在随访时间≥3个月的31例（59只眼）患者中，末次随访25只眼（42.3%）的BCVA≥0.8，15只眼（25.4%）的BCVA<0.3，59只患眼的BCVA均较首次就诊时提高，差异有统计学意义（Z=-2.76，P=0.006）。 结论： 结节病性葡萄膜炎主要表现为双眼受累的慢性前葡萄膜炎，多数患者合并有亚临床视网膜血管炎。糖皮质激素联合其他免疫抑制剂治疗可控制大部分患者的炎性反应，并改善患者视力。.

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