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Title: [Calcaneal V-shaped osteotomy combined with subtalar arthrodesis for Stephens Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures malunion].
Author: Tian H, Wang X, Lu J, Liu P, Li Y, Zhao H, Liang X.
Journal: Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi; 2023 Mar 15; 37(3):296-301. PubMed ID: 36940987.
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of calcaneal V-shaped osteotomy combined with subtalar arthrodesis in the treatment of Stephens Ⅱand Ⅲ calcaneal fracture malunion. METHODS: The clinical data of 24 patients with severe calcaneal fracture malunion treated by calcaneal V-shaped osteotomy combined with subtalar arthrodesis between January 2017 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 20 males and 4 females with an average age of 42.8 years (range, 33-60 years). Conservative treatment of calcaneal fracture failed in 19 cases and operation failed in 5 cases. Stephens classification of calcaneal fracture malunion was type Ⅱ in 14 cases, and type Ⅲ in 10 cases. Preoperative Böhler angle of calcaneus was 4.0°-13.5° (mean, 8.6°), Gissane angle was 100°-152° (mean, 119.3°). The time from injury to operation was 6-14 months (mean, 9.7 months). American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle and hindfoot score and visual analogue scale (VAS) score were used to evaluate the effectiveness before operation and at last follow-up. Bone healing was observed and the healing time was recorded. The talocalcaneal height, talus inclination angle, Pitch angle, calcaneal width, and hindfoot alignment angle were measured. RESULTS: Necrosis of the cuticle edge of the incision occurred in 3 cases, which were cured by dressing change and oral administration of antibiotic therapy. The other incisions healed by first intention. All the 24 patients were followed up 12-23 months, with an average of 17.1 months. The foot shape of the patients recovered well, the shoes were restored to the size before injury, and there was no anterior ankle impingement. Bone union was achieved in all patients, and the healing time ranged from 12 to 18 weeks, with an average of 14.1 weeks. At last follow-up, no adjacent joint degeneration occurred in all patients; 5 patients had mild foot pain during walking, which had no significant impact on daily life and work; no patient needed revision surgery. The AOFAS ankle and hindfoot score was significantly higher than that before operation ( P<0.001), the results were excellent in 16 cases, good in 4 cases, and poor in 4 cases, and the excellent and good rate was 83.3%. The VAS score, talocalcaneal height, talus inclination angle, Pitch angle, calcaneal width, and hindfoot alignment angle were significantly improved after operation ( P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Calcaneal V-shaped osteotomy combined with subtalar arthrodesis can effectively relieve hindfoot pain, correct talocalcaneal height, restore talus inclination angle, and reduce the risk of nonunion after subtalar arthrodesis. 目的: 探讨跟骨V形截骨联合距下关节融合术治疗StephensⅡ、Ⅲ型跟骨骨折畸形愈合的疗效。. 方法: 回顾分析2017年1月—2021年12月采用跟骨V形截骨联合距下关节融合术治疗的24例严重跟骨骨折畸形愈合患者临床资料。男20例，女4例；年龄33～60岁，平均42.8岁。跟骨骨折保守治疗失败19例，手术治疗失败5例。跟骨骨折畸形愈合Stephens分型：Ⅱ型14例，Ⅲ型10例。术前跟骨Böhler角4.0°～13.5°，平均8.6°；Gissane角100°～152°，平均119.3°。受伤至该次手术时间6～14个月，平均9.7个月。术前及末次随访时采用美国矫形足踝协会（AOFAS）踝与后足评分及疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）评价疗效；观察骨愈合情况并记录愈合时间，并测量距跟高度、距骨倾斜角、跟骨倾斜角、跟骨宽度及后足力线角。. 结果: 术后3例出现切口皮缘坏死，经换药及口服抗生素治疗后痊愈。其余切口均Ⅰ期愈合。24例患者均获随访，随访时间12～23个月，平均17.1个月。患者足部形态均恢复良好，穿鞋恢复至伤前尺码，无前踝撞击存在。所有患者均获骨性愈合，愈合时间12～18周，平均14.1周。末次随访时，所有患者未发生邻近关节退变；5例行走时足部偶有轻度疼痛，对日常生活及工作无明显影响；无患者需行翻修手术。AOFAS踝与后足评分较术前显著提高，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.001）；获优16例、良4例、中4例，优良率83.3%。VAS评分及跟骨倾斜角、距骨倾斜角、后足力线角、跟骨宽度及距跟高度均较术前明显改善，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.001）。. 结论: 跟骨V形截骨联合距下关节融合术可有效缓解后足疼痛，矫正距跟高度，恢复距骨倾斜角，降低距下关节融合术后骨不愈合风险。.

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