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  • Title: Pharmacologic conversion and suppression of experimental canine atrial flutter: differing effects of d-sotalol, quinidine, and lidocaine and significance of changes in refractoriness and conduction.
    Author: Feld GK, Venkatesh N, Singh BN.
    Journal: Circulation; 1986 Jul; 74(1):197-204. PubMed ID: 3708774.
    Abstract:
    The electrophysiologic determinants of conversion and the prevention of atrial flutter are poorly defined. This issue was therefore investigated by evaluating the effects of the new class III antiarrhythmic drug d-sotalol and the class I antiarrhythmic drugs quinidine and lidocaine. Atrial flutter was reproducibly induced in the open-chest anesthetized dog with intercaval crush and rapid atrial pacing. In this preparation, intravenous d-sotalol restored sinus rhythm in 14 of 15 (93%) dogs, whereas quinidine converted nine of 15 (60%) and lidocaine two of 10 (20%). d-Sotalol prevented reinduction in eight (53%), whereas quinidine was effective in four (27%) and lidocaine in none (0%). In the atria, d-sotalol induced significant increases in effective refractory period (+32%; p less than .01), functional refractory period (+30%; p less than .01), conduction time at an atrial paced cycle length of 150 msec (+9%; p less than .05), and atrial flutter cycle length (+8%; p less than .01). Quinidine increased effective refractory period (+40%; p less than .01), functional refractory period (+27%; p less than .01), conduction time at sinus cycle length (+13%; p less than .01), conduction time at an atrial paced cycle length of 150 msec (+18%; p less than .01), and atrial flutter cycle length (+31%; p less than .01). Lidocaine decreased functional refractory period (-6%; p less than .05) while lengthening the atrial flutter cycle length (+13%; p less than .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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