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  • Title: Prevalence, nature, and severity of the psychiatric comorbidities and their impact on quality of life in adolescents with Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.
    Author: Panda PK, Ramachandran A, Tomar A, Elwadhi A, Kumar V, Sharawat IK.
    Journal: Epilepsy Behav; 2023 May; 142():109216. PubMed ID: 37088064.
    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: Adults with Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) are at increased risk for psychiatric comorbidities, personality traits, and abnormality in executive function. But studies on adolescents and their impact on quality of life are scarce in the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed between August 2019 and October 2022 to compare the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in adolescents with JME and age and gender-matched healthy controls. After completing DSM-5 Structured Clinical Interview (SCID-5) initially in all patients, we measured the severity of individual psychiatric problems like anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms by using an appropriate psychometric scale. We also measured both groups' intelligence quotient (IQ), executive function, and quality of life. RESULTS: One hundred patients with JME (14.3 ± 2.5 years, 48 boys) and 100 controls were enrolled. Psychiatric disorders were observed in 46% of JME and 6% of controls (p < 0.01). Psychiatric comorbidities noted in the patients with JME were: somatic symptom and related disorders(n = 14), anxiety (n = 13), adjustment disorders (n = 12), depression (n = 11), oppositional defiant disorder (n = 6), conduct disorder (n = 5), anorexia nervosa (n = 3), narcissistic (n = 3), histrionic (n = 1), substance-related disorder (n = 1), borderline (n = 2) and antisocial personality disorder (n = 2). The prevalence of depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, adjustment disorders, somatic symptoms, related disorders, and any personality disorder was significantly more in the JME group (p < 0.01 for all). Female gender, higher Epilepsy Stigma Scale score, and lower Epilepsy Outcome Expectancy Scale were significantly associated with depressive disorders (p = 0.04, 0.03, 0.03 respectively). Similarly, for anxiety, only female gender and lower Epilepsy Outcome Expectancy Scale were significant associated factors (p = 0.03, 0.02 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric disorders like anxiety, depression, and personality disorders are more frequent in adolescents with JME than in controls.
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