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  • Title: [Determination of 15 halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aquatic products by stable isotope dilution coupled with gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry].
    Author: Li XY, Zhao F, Ping H, Ma ZH, Li BR, Ma TJ, Li C.
    Journal: Se Pu; 2023 Jun 08; 41(6):527-534. PubMed ID: 37259878.
    Abstract:
    Halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (H-PAHs), including chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Cl-PAHs) and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Br-PAHs), are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorine or bromine atoms. These compounds are not only difficult to degrade but also highly fat soluble and toxic. They are a new type of high-risk organic pollutants with structures similar to those of dioxins, and their toxicity is even higher than that of the parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The bioaccumulation of H-PAHs can be predicted by their octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow); in general, higher bioaccumulation capacity and Kow values indicate greater fat solubility. Therefore, animal-derived foods with higher fat contents, such as animal meat, milk, aquatic products, and their processed forms, are more likely to be contaminated with higher contents of H-PAHs than those with lower fat contents. In this work, a gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method coupled with stable isotope dilution was established to determine 15 H-PAHs in aquatic products. The instrument and pretreatment methods were systematically optimized. The GC-MS/MS used in this method can effectively eliminate matrix interferences and features high sensitivity and low analytical cost; thus, it has good application prospects. The samples were added with an isotope internal standard before extraction to calibrate the loss of the tested substance during the pretreatment process, extracted by accelerated solvent extraction, purified using gel permeation chromatography and PRiME HLB columns, and then analyzed by GC-MS/MS. The use of two DB-5MS chromatographic columns (30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm) and microplate fluidics technology to connect chromatographic columns 1 and 2 in series led to better separation effects, good peak shapes, and high target compound responses. The 15 H-PAHs demonstrated good linearities in the range of 1-50 μg/L, with correlation coefficients (r) greater than or equal to 0.993. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values of the relative response factor (RRF) of the H-PAHs were less than 9%, the method detection limit (MDL) was 0.009-0.072 μg/kg, and the method quantification limit (MQL) was 0.031-0.240 μg/kg. Three spiked levels of 0.25, 1.0, 2.5 μg/kg were added to the blank samples to determine the recovery and precision. The recoveries for these spiked levels were 74.6%-116.8%, 77.8%-123.2%, and 71.9%-124.8%, respectively, and the corresponding RSDs were 0.6%-8.2%, 0.6%-9.0%, and 0.4%-10.6%, respectively. The total actual content of H-PAHs in aquatic product samples was 0.60-3.54 μg/kg. Among the H-PAHs investigated, 9-chlorophenanthrene (9-ClPhe) showed the greatest detection rate (100%) and highest content (1.15 μg/kg), indicating that H-PAHs widely exist in aquatic products. Thus, further assessment of the dietary exposure risk of these compounds is necessary. The developed method simplifies the pretreatment step, and has the advantages of simplicity, rapid analysis, high recoveries, and good stability. It is suitable for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of H-PAHs in actual aquatic product samples and provides reliable technical support for the residue status and risk assessment of H-PAHs in aquatic products. 建立了测定水产品中15种卤代多环芳烃(H-PAHs)的稳定同位素稀释气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱分析方法,分别对仪器条件和前处理方法进行了优化。在提取样品之前加入同位素内标,校准在前处理过程中待测物的损失,再经加速溶剂萃取提取、凝胶渗透色谱柱和PRiME HLB小柱净化后,采用气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用仪测定。采用两根DB-5MS色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm),利用微板流路控制技术连接两根色谱柱串联使用,可达到较好的分离效果,且目标化合物峰形良好,响应值高。15种H-PAHs在1~50 μg/L内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)≥0.993, H-PAHs相对响应因子(RRF)的相对标准偏差(RSD)值均小于9%,方法检出限为0.009~0.072 μg/kg,方法定量限为0.031~0.240 μg/kg。在空白样品中分别添加0.25、1.0、2.5 μg/kg 3个加标水平的15种H-PAHs混合标准溶液,测定其回收率和精密度,回收率分别为74.6%~116.8%、77.8%~123.2%和71.9%~124.8%, RSD分别为0.6%~8.2%、0.6%~9.0%和0.4%~10.6%。采用所建立的方法对水产品进行检测,实际样品中H-PAHs的总含量为0.60~3.54 μg/kg,其中9-氯菲(9-ClPhe)检出率为100%,且含量最高(1.15 μg/kg)。该方法简化了前处理步骤,具有简便快速、回收率高、稳定性好等优点,适用于实际水产品中H-PAHs的定性、定量分析,为研究H-PAHs在水产品中的残留状况和风险评价提供了可靠的技术支持。
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