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  • Title: Identification of a new mutation in the human xanthine dehydrogenase responsible for xanthinuria type I.
    Author: Collazo Abal C, Romero Santos S, González Mao C, Pazos Lago EC, Barros Angueira F, Castiñeiras Ramos D.
    Journal: Adv Lab Med; 2021 Nov; 2(4):567-574. PubMed ID: 37360896.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: Hereditary xanthinuria is a rare, autosomal and recessive disorder characterized by severe hypouricemia and increased xanthine excretion, caused by a deficiency of xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase (XDH/XO, EC: 1.17.1.4/1.17.3.2) in type I, or by a deficiency of XDH/XO and aldehyde oxidase (AOX, EC: 1.2.3.1) in type II. METHODS: We describe a novel point mutation in the XDH gene in homozygosis found in a patient with very low serum and urine levels of uric acid, together with xanthinuria. He was asymptomatic but renal calculi were discovered during imaging. RESULTS: Additional cases were found in his family and dietary recommendations were made in order to prevent further complications. CONCLUSIONS: Hereditary xanthinuria is an underdiagnosed pathology, often found in a routine analysis that shows hypouricemia. It is important for Laboratory Medicine to acknowledge how to guide clinicians in the diagnosis.
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