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  • Title: Functional connectivity explains how neuronavigated TMS of posterior temporal subregions differentially affect language processing.
    Author: Vasileiadi M, Schuler AL, Woletz M, Linhardt D, Windischberger C, Tik M.
    Journal: Brain Stimul; 2023; 16(4):1062-1071. PubMed ID: 37390891.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: "Wernicke's area" is most often used to describe the posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG) and refers to a region traditionally thought to support language comprehension. However, the posterior STG additionally plays a critical role in language production. The purpose of the current study was to determine to what extent regions within the posterior STG are selectively recruited during language production. METHODS: 23 healthy right-handed participants completed an auditory fMRI localizer task, resting-state fMRI and underwent neuronavigated TMS language mapping. We applied repetitive TMS bursts during a picture naming paradigm to probe speech disruptions of different categories (anomia, speech arrest, semantic paraphasia and phonological paraphasia). We combined an in-house built high precision stimulation software suite with E-field modeling to map the naming errors to cortical regions and revealed a dissociation of language functions within the temporal gyrus. Resting state fMRI was used to explain how E-field peaks of different categories differentially affected language production. RESULTS: Peaks for phonological and semantic errors were found in the STG while those for anomia and speech arrest were located in the MTG. Seed-based connectivity analysis revealed a local connectivity pattern for phonological and semantic errors, while anomia and speech arrest seeds resulted in a larger network between IFG and posterior MTG. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides important insights into the functional neuroanatomy of language production and might help to increase the current understanding of specific language production difficulties on a causal level.
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