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  • Title: Vitreomacular interface abnormalities in the Ghanaian African.
    Author: Amoaku WM, Cushley L, Silvestri V, Akafo S, Amissah-Arthur KN, Lartey S, Hageman CN, Pappas CM, Hubbard WC, Bernstein PS, Vitale A, Roberts M, Virgili G, Hageman GS, Silvestri G, Ghana AMD Study Group.
    Journal: Eye (Lond); 2024 Feb; 38(3):578-584. PubMed ID: 37773435.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Describe vitreomacular interface abnormalities (VMIA) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and correlations with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) grade in Ghanaian Africans. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Prospective, cross-sectional study of adults aged ≥50 years recruited in Ghana AMD Study. Participant demographics, medical histories, ophthalmic examination, digital colour fundus photography (CFP) were obtained. High-resolution five-line raster OCT, Macular Cube 512 × 128 scans, and additional line scans in areas of clinical abnormality, were acquired. SD-OCT VMI features classified by International Vitreomacular Traction Study Group system and relationships to AMD grade were evaluated. OUTCOMES: VMIA prevalence, posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), vitreomacular adhesions (VMA), vitreomacular traction (VMT), epiretinal membranes (ERM), correlations with AMD grade. RESULTS: The full Ghana AMD cohort included 718 participants; 624 participants (1248 eyes) aged ≥50 years (range = 50-101, mean = 68.8), 68.9% female were included in this analysis. CFP with OCT scans were available for 776 eyes (397 participants); 707 (91.1%) had gradable CFP and OCT scans for both AMD and VMI grading forming the dataset for this report. PVD was absent in 504 (71.3%); partial and complete PVD occurred in 16.7% and 12.0% respectively. PVD did not increase with age (p = 0.720). VMIA without traction and macular holes were observed in 12.2% of eyes; 87.8% had no abnormalities. VMIA was not significantly correlated with AMD grade (p = 0.819). CONCLUSIONS: This provides the first assessment of VMIA in Ghanaian Africans. VMIA are common in Africans; PVD may be less common than in Caucasians. There was no significant association of AMD grade with VMIA.
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