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  • Title: Balloon occlusion of a recurrent carotid-cavernous fistula previously treated by carotid ligations.
    Author: O'Reilly GV, Shillito J, Haykal HA, Kleefield J, Wang AM, Rumbaugh CL.
    Journal: Neurosurgery; 1986 Oct; 19(4):643-8. PubMed ID: 3785606.
    Abstract:
    A carotid-cavernous fistula recurred 16 years after a Hamby procedure. The recurrence was manifested by subarachnoid hemorrhage originating from dilated draining pial veins. The fistula was closed with a balloon catheter introduced through a patent remnant of the cervical carotid artery. Patients who have previously undergone Hamby trapping and embolization should be reassessed for an occult fistula that could predispose them to intracranial bleeding.
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