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  • Title: UHPLC-Q-TOF analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in North-Macedonian honey.
    Author: Cvetanoska M, Pocrnić M, Stefova M, Galić N, Petreska Stanoeva J.
    Journal: Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill; 2024 Mar; 17(1):5-15. PubMed ID: 37881029.
    Abstract:
    Honey contaminated with pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) could pose a risk for human consumption, being a widely consumed food product. A fast and simple LC/MS method for the analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey was optimised to collect occurrence data. The extraction efficiency was evaluated by a systematic study of multiple solvent mixtures and clean-up procedures. The best results for PA extraction were obtained using a formic acid/methanol mixture with subsequent clean-up by the QuEChERS method, resulting in a mean recovery range of 91.8-102%. The method validation showed satisfactory intra-day (RSD < 5.1%) and inter-day precision (RSD < 9.1%). The proposed method was applied to 14 samples. A total of six PAs and two N-oxides were detected, with levels between 89 and 8188 µg/kg. This assessment highlights the potential risk of intoxication and the need for further investigations regarding an effective quality system for manufacturers to control PAs in honey.
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