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Title: [Clinical effects of scalp flaps pedicled with superficial temporal artery parietal branch in repairing facial destructive burn wounds].
Author: Xia CD, Xue JD, Xing PP, Di HP, Shi JJ, Zhang J, Cao DY, Xiao HT, Liu L, Ma C.
Journal: Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi; 2023 Oct 20; 39(10):919-925. PubMed ID: 37899556.
Abstract:
Objective: To explore the clinical effects of scalp flaps pedicled with superficial temporal artery parietal branch in repairing facial destructive burn wounds. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted. From January 2016 to December 2021, 15 patients with facial destructive burns who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to Zhengzhou First People's Hospital, including 11 males and 4 females, aged 22 to 79 years. Two patients were complicated with unilateral eyeball destructive burns, two patients were complicated with unilateral auricle defects, eight patients were complicated with lip and cheek defects, and three patients were complicated with lip, cheek, and unilateral nasal alar defects. The burn wound areas ranged from 9 cm×6 cm to 13 cm×10 cm. The scalp flaps pedicled with superficial temporal artery parietal branch, with the area of 10 cm×7 cm to 15 cm×11 cm, were designed, excised, and transferred for repairing burn wounds. The secondary wounds at the donor sites were repaired with medium-thickness scalp grafts. According to patient's needs, the hairs grew at the facial transplanted flap were removed by laser at 2 weeks after the flap was completely viable, or the expanded scalp flap was used to treat the secondary alopecia in the flap donor area of the head at 3 months after the primary wound repair. The survival of the flap/skin graft and the wound healing of the donor and recipient areas after the primary wound repair were recorded. During the follow-up, the appearance of the flap, the scar hyperplasia at the suture site, the repair effect of facial functional parts, the treatment effects of laser hair removal and secondary alopecia treatment at the flap donor site were observed; the patient's satisfaction with the overall repair effect was inquired. Results: After the primary wound repair, all the flaps transplanted to the burn wounds and the skin grafts transplanted to the secondary wounds of the flap donor sites survived well, and the wounds at the donor and recipient sites of flap healed well. The color, texture, and thickness of flap were basically the same as those of normal facial skin, and the scar at the suture site was slight during 3 to 18 months of follow-up period after the primary wound repair. In 11 patients complicated with lip defects, the oral integrity, and the opening and closing functions of mouth were restored with the mouth opening being 2.0-2.5 cm and no microstomia; all the patients could carry out basic language communication, 8 of them could take regular food, and 3 of them could take soft food. The wounds in two patients with unilateral eyeball destructive burns were repaired. In 2 patients complicated with auricle defects, the wounds were repaired, and the external auditory canals were normal. In 3 patients complicated with unilateral nasal alar defects, their noses had poor appearance with reduced nostrils. No hair growth was observed in the facial flap sites after treatment of laser hair removal in 8 patients. Five patients were successfully treated with expanded scalp flaps for secondary alopecia in the flap donor area of the head. The patients were all satisfied with the overall repair effect. Conclusions: The scalp flap pedicled with superficial temporal artery parietal branch has abundant blood supply and is suitable for repairing the wounds in facial destructive burns. It is easy to transfer and can better restore the appearance and function of the recipient area with minimal damage to the flap donor area, which is worthy of clinical promotion. 目的： 探讨采用颞浅动脉顶支带蒂头皮瓣修复面部毁损性烧伤创面的临床效果。 方法： 采用回顾性观察性研究方法。2016年1月—2021年12月，郑州市第一人民医院收治15例符合入选标准的面部毁损性烧伤患者，其中男11例、女4例，年龄22~79岁。2例患者合并单侧眼球毁损性烧伤，2例患者合并单侧耳郭缺损，8例患者合并唇及面颊部缺损，3例患者合并唇和面颊部及单侧鼻翼缺损。烧伤创面面积为9 cm×6 cm~13 cm×10 cm，设计并切取面积为10 cm×7 cm~15 cm×11 cm的颞浅动脉顶支带蒂头皮瓣转移修复烧伤创面，移植中厚头皮片修复供瓣区继发创面。根据患者需求，于皮瓣完全成活后2周，应用激光脱去面部移植皮瓣部位生长的毛发；或于原发创面修复术后3个月，采用扩张头皮瓣治疗头部供瓣区继发的秃发。记录原发创面修复术后皮瓣/皮片成活情况、皮瓣供受区创面愈合情况；随访时观察皮瓣外观及缝合口瘢痕增生情况、面部功能部位修复效果、激光脱毛及供瓣区继发秃发治疗效果，询问患者对整体修复效果的满意度。 结果： 原发创面修复术后，烧伤创面移植的皮瓣和供瓣区继发创面移植的皮片全部成活，皮瓣供受区创面愈合良好。原发创面修复术后随访3~18个月，皮瓣色泽、质地、厚度等与面部正常皮肤基本一致，缝合口瘢痕轻微。11例合并唇部缺损者，口腔完整性及张口、闭口功能得以恢复，张口度2.0~2.5 cm，无小口畸形，均可进行基本的语言交流，其中8例患者可进普食，3例患者可进软食；2例合并单侧眼球毁损性烧伤者，创面得以修复；2例合并耳郭缺损者，创面得以修复，外耳道正常；3例合并单侧鼻翼缺损者，鼻部外形欠佳，鼻孔缩小。8例患者面部移植皮瓣部位行激光脱毛治疗后未再长毛发，采用扩张头皮瓣成功治疗5例患者头部供瓣区继发的秃发。患者均对整体修复效果感到满意。 结论： 颞浅动脉顶支带蒂头皮瓣血供丰富，适用于修复面部毁损性烧伤创面，转移方便，能使受区恢复较好的外观与功能，皮瓣供区损伤小，值得临床推广。.

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