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  • Title: Arbitrary fabrication of complex lithium niobate three-dimensional microstructures for second harmonic generation enhancement.
    Author: Zheng JX, Li HY, Tian KS, Yu YH, Liu XQ, Chen QD.
    Journal: Opt Lett; 2024 Feb 15; 49(4):850-853. PubMed ID: 38359198.
    Abstract:
    Lithium niobate (LN) crystal plays important roles in future integrated photonics, but it is still a great challenge to efficiently fabricate three-dimensional micro-/nanostructures on it. Here, a femtosecond laser direct writing-assisted liquid back-etching technology (FsLDW-LBE) is proposed to achieve the three-dimensional (3D) microfabrication of lithium niobate (LN) with high surface quality (Ra = 0.422 nm). Various 3D structures, such as snowflakes, graphic arrays, criss-cross arrays, and helix arrays, have been successfully fabricated on the surface of LN crystals. As an example, a microcone array was fabricated on LN crystals, which showed a strong second harmonic signal enhancement with up to 12 times bigger than the flat lithium niobate. The results indicate that the method provides a new approach for the microfabrication of lithium niobate crystals for nonlinear optics.
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