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  • Title: Urinary C4d and progression of kidney disease in IgA vasculitis.
    Author: Yu G, Zhao J, Wang M, Chen Y, Feng S, Li B, Wang C, Wang Y, Jiang H, Chen J.
    Journal: Nephrol Dial Transplant; 2024 Sep 27; 39(10):1642-1648. PubMed ID: 38373839.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN) is the most common secondary IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Urinary C4d have been identified associated with the development and progression in primary IgAN; however, its role in kidney disease progression of IgAVN is still unclear. METHODS: This study enrolled 139 patients with IgAVN, 18 healthy subjects, 23 focal segmental glomerulosclerosis patients and 38 IgAN patients. Urinary C4d levels at kidney biopsy were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association between urinary C4d/creatinine and kidney disease progression event, defined as 40% estimated glomerular filtration rate decline or end-stage kidney disease, was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines. RESULTS: The levels of urinary C4d/creatinine (Cr) in IgAVN and IgAN patients were higher than in healthy controls. Higher levels of urinary C4d/Cr were associated with higher proteinuria and severe Oxford C lesions, and glomerular C4d deposition. After a median follow-up of 52.79 months, 18 (12.95%) participants reached composite kidney disease progression event. The risk of kidney disease progression event was higher with higher levels of Ln(urinary C4d/Cr). After adjustment for clinical data, higher levels of urinary C4d/Cr were associated with kidney disease progression in IgAVN [per Ln-transformed urinary C4d/Cr, hazard ratio 1.573, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.101-2.245; P = .013]. Compared with the lower C4d/Cr group, the hazard ratio was 5.539 (95% CI 1.135-27.035; P = .034) for the higher levels group. CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of urinary C4d/Cr were associated with kidney disease progression event in patients with IgAVN.
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