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  • Title: Investigation of the interaction between lactones and ketones in a Cheddar cheese matrix using Feller's additive model, σ-τ plots, U-models, and aroma addition experiments.
    Author: Tian H, Zheng G, Yu H, Yuan H, Lou X, Sun Y, Wang M, Chen C.
    Journal: J Dairy Sci; 2024 Aug; 107(8):5496-5511. PubMed ID: 38428493.
    Abstract:
    The objective of this study was to examine the sensory interactions between lactones and ketones in a Cheddar simulation matrix through perceptual interaction analysis. The olfactory thresholds of 6 key lactones had values ranging from 8.32 to 58.88 μg/kg, whereas those of the 4 key ketones ranged from 6.61 to 660.69 μg/kg. Both Feller's additive model and σ-τ plots demonstrated complex interactions in 24 binary mixtures composed of the 6 lactones and 4 ketones, including synergy, addition, and masking effects. Specifically, we found that 6 binary mixtures exhibited aroma synergistic effects using both methods. Moreover, the σ-τ plot showed a synergistic effect of aroma in 3 ternary mixtures. The U-model further confirmed the synergistic effects of the 6 groups of binary systems and 3 groups of ternary systems on aroma at actual cheese concentrations. In an aroma addition experiment, the combination of δ-octalactone and diacetyl in binary mixtures had the most pronounced effect on enhancing milk flavor. In ternary mixtures, 2 combinations, namely δ-octalactone/δ-dodecalactone/diacetyl and γ-dodecalactone/δ-dodecalactone/acetoin, significantly enhanced the milky and sweet aroma properties of cheese, while also enhancing the overall acceptability of the cheese aroma.
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