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  • Title: Rainfall-runoff partitioning in small watersheds of different vegetation types in the loess area based on hydrogen and oxygen isotope tracing.
    Author: Zuo YZ, Pan CZ, Mao YX, Ma L.
    Journal: Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao; 2024 Feb; 35(2):399-406. PubMed ID: 38523097.
    Abstract:
    Recognizing watershed runoff process and its component sources is a prerequisite for the rational use of water resources. To elucidate the effects and quantitative contributions of various vegetation types on the components of watershed runoff, we centered on the Caijiachuan main channel watershed in Jixian, Shanxi and five sub-watersheds with distinct vegetation types. By tracking the hydrological responses to two representative rainfall events and assessing the spatiotemporal variations in hydrogen and oxygen isotope signatures, we aimed to discern disparities in the runoff processes across these sub-watersheds and pinpoint their constituent origins. The results showed that under medium rainfall condition, the contribution rates of event water to the river flow of each watershed were in an order of protected forest (94.3%) > Caijiachuan main channel (83.1%) > agro-pastoral composite (64.3%) > plantation-secondary forest (52.4%) > cropland (0.3%) > secondary forest (0.0%); under light rainfall condition, plantation-secondary forest (52.4%) > protected forest (58.5%) > cropland (40.6%) > secondary forest (15.8%) > agro-pastoral composite (12.5%) > Caijiachuan main channel (9.3%). The event water contribution rate of secondary forest and protected forest watersheds to runoff was higher than that of plantation watersheds. The secondary forests watersheds had a stronger runoff storage capacity. The event water contribution rate of protected forest and agro-pastoral composite watersheds under medium rainfall intensity condition was greater than that under light rainfall intensity condition, while the event water contribution rate of cropland, plantation-secondary forest, and secondary forest watersheds was in adverse. The event water contribution to the runoff of forested watersheds was greater than that of cropland watersheds, which may be related to the presence of silt dams at the mouth of agricultural watershed channels. This study can provide a scientific basis for the analysis of water conservation and runoff change attribution in the loess area of west Shanxi. 流域径流过程及其组分来源识别是水资源合理利用的前提。为明确植被类型对流域径流组分的影响与定量贡献,本研究以山西吉县蔡家川主沟流域及5个不同植被类型小流域为研究对象,监测2场典型降雨产流过程及其氢氧同位素时空变化特征,探讨小流域径流过程差异及其组分来源。结果表明: 在中雨条件下,事件水对各个流域河道流量的贡献率为封禁森林(94.3%)>蔡家川主沟(83.1%)>农牧复合(64.3%)>人工-次生林(52.4%)>农地(0.3%)>次生林(0.0%);而在小雨条件下,人工-次生林(52.4%)>封禁森林(58.5%)>农地(40.6%)>次生林(15.8%)>农牧复合(12.5%)>蔡家川主沟(9.3%),次生林、封禁森林小流域事件水对径流贡献率大于人工林,次生林具有更强的径流调蓄能力。封禁森林、农牧复合流域在中雨强度条件下事件水的贡献率大于小雨强度条件,而农地、人工-次生林、次生林流域则相反。事件水对林地小流域径流贡献率大于农地小流域,可能与农地小流域沟口建有淤地坝有关。本研究结果可为晋西黄土区水源涵养和径流变化归因分析提供科学依据。.
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