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  • Title: Heterogeneity of type I von Willebrand disease: evidence for a subgroup with an abnormal von Willebrand factor.
    Author: Mannucci PM, Lombardi R, Bader R, Vianello L, Federici AB, Solinas S, Mazzucconi MG, Mariani G.
    Journal: Blood; 1985 Oct; 66(4):796-802. PubMed ID: 3876122.
    Abstract:
    Type I von Willebrand disease (vWD) is characterized by equally low plasma concentrations of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) and ristocetin cofactor (RiCof) and by the presence of all vWF multimers in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-agarose gel electrophoresis. For 17 patients (13 kindreds) diagnosed with these criteria, we have studied the platelet contents of vWF:Ag and RiCof and the changes of these in plasma after DDAVP infusion. Platelet vWF:Ag and RiCof were normal in four kindreds (called "platelet normal" subgroup); following 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin; plasma vWF:Ag, RiCof and the bleeding time (BT) became normal. In six kindreds, platelet vWF:Ag and RiCof were equally low (platelet low); after DDAVP, plasma vWF:Ag and RiCof remained low, and the BT was prolonged. In three additional kindreds, platelets contained normal concentrations of vWF:Ag, but RiCof was very low (platelet discordant); even though a complete set of multimers was found in plasma and platelets, there was a relatively small amount of large multimers. After DDAVP, plasma vWF:Ag became normal, but RiCof remained low and the BT was very prolonged. These findings demonstrated that there can be an abnormal vWF (RiCof less than vWF:Ag) even in type I vWD, coexisting with a complete set of vWF multimers (platelet discordant); that the abnormal vWF can be shown more clearly in platelets than in plasma or else in plasma after DDAVP infusion; and that DDAVP normalizes the BT only in those patients with normal platelet levels of both vWF:Ag and RiCof (platelet normal).
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