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  • Title: [Advances in the study of the role and mechanisms of endogenous hormones in the development of myopia].
    Author: Xu XT, Zhou XT.
    Journal: Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi; 2024 Jun 11; 60(6):547-558. PubMed ID: 38825955.
    Abstract:
    With the increasing prevalence of myopia among adolescents, the pathogenesis of this condition has garnered significant attention. Studies have discovered the expression of various hormone receptors in ocular tissues of both animals and humans. Additionally, changes in hormone levels accompany the development of myopia, although the exact relationships remain inconclusive. This article reviews the potential influences and mechanisms of action of endogenous hormones such as melatonin, serotonin, insulin, glucagon, sex hormones, vitamin D, and prostaglandins in ocular tissues including the retina, choroid, and sclera. It elaborates on the relationship between fluctuations in these hormone levels and the progression of myopia, aiming to provide guidance for exploring targets for myopia prevention and control. 随着青少年近视眼的患病率逐年上升，近视眼的发病机制也备受关注。研究发现，在动物及人的眼部各组织中均有多种激素受体的表达，而且近视发生过程中还伴随着各种激素水平的变化，但其关系尚无定论。本文综述了褪黑素、5-羟色胺、胰岛素、胰高血糖素、性激素、维生素D和前列腺素等内源性激素在视网膜、脉络膜和巩膜等眼部组织中的潜在影响及其作用机制方面的研究，对这些激素水平变化与近视发展之间的关系进行了阐述，旨在为探索近视眼防控靶点提供导向。.
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