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  • Title: [Correlation between the distribution of airborne pollen and the positive sIgE test in patients with allergic rhinitis in Taiyuan City in spring from 2022 to 2023].
    Author: Zhang J, Jiang YT, Gao L, Yu DD, He C, Cui HL, Wang HJ, Feng Y.
    Journal: Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi; 2024 Jun 06; 58(6):823-829. PubMed ID: 38955729.
    Abstract:
    This study was to investigate the relationship between spring pollen distribution concentration, species and the detection results of air-borne pollen allergens in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province during March to May 2022 and March to May 2023.A retrospective study was conducted in the Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinic of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University.Pollen particles will be monitored by gravity sedimentation method on the roof of the outpatient department of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University in downtown Taiyuan from March to May 2022-2023, and pollen species and quantity will be observed and recorded under an optical microscope.The air-borne pollen allergen detection results of all allergic rhinitis patients in the otolaryngology Head and Neck surgery Department of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were extracted from the relevant outpatient system. SPSS software and Pearson correlation analysis were used to compare the correlation between the allergens and the dominant air-borne pollen monitoring results. Results are as follows: (1)A total of 18 species of spring pollen in Taiyuan City were monitored in 2022-2023, with 101 177.5 grains, and the dominant airborne pollen was poplar (16.69%) and pine (29.06%) pollen. The pollen of poplar (11.96%), elm (7.89%) and cypress (8.68%) were dominant in early spring; Pine (25.16%) pollen predominated in late spring. The two peaks of pollen dispersal in Taiyuan were in late March (15 479 grains) and early and mid May (15 094/15 343 grains).(2) The positive rates of allergens in serum specific IgE detection were: wormwood (46%, 248/541 cases), tree combination (26%, 143/541 cases), ragweed (19%, 101/541 cases), humulus scandens (9%, 49/541 cases).(3)There was a linear positive correlation between the positive rate of air-borne pollen allergens in allergic rhinitis patients in the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and the dominant air-borne pollen concentration in the same period (P<0.05, r=0.999). In conclusion, two spring pollen dispersal peaks were formed in late March and early to mid May in Taiyuan City, and the dominant air-borne pollens were poplar and pine pollens. The positive rate of air borne pollen allergen sIgE showed that wormwood allergy was the highest.There was a positive correlation between the concentration of air-borne pollen and the positive rate of air-borne pollen allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in the Department of otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery in Taiyuan in 2022 and 2023.The monitoring of pollen distribution in spring can provide an important scientific basis for clinical workers to formulate prevention and treatment plans for patients with allergic rhinitis in the season, and provide data reference for the epidemiological investigation of allergic diseases in Taiyuan in the future. 本研究探讨山西省太原市2022年3—5月与2023年3—5月两年间春季花粉播散浓度、种类与患者气传花粉变应原检测结果的关系。采用回顾性研究方法，本研究于山西医科大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科门诊展开。2022—2023年两年的3—5月在位于太原市中心地区的山西医科大学第一医院门诊部楼顶，利用重力沉降法监测花粉颗粒，并在光学显微镜下观察记录花粉种类和数量。从门诊相关系统中提取所有同期山西医科大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科门诊过敏性鼻炎患者气传花粉变应原检测结果，利用SPSS软件并采用Pearson 相关性分析法比较其与优势气传花粉监测结果之间的相关性。结果显示，（1）共监测到2022—2023两年太原市春季花粉18种，101 177.5粒，优势气传花粉为杨树（16.69%）和松树（29.06%）花粉。早春以杨树（11.96%）、榆树（7.89%）、柏树（8.68%）花粉播散为主；晚春以松树（25.16%）花粉为主。太原市花粉播散两个高峰期为3月下旬（15 479粒）与5月上中旬（15 094/15 343粒）。（2）变应原血清特异性IgE检测中，变应原的检出阳性率依次是：蒿草（46%，248/541例）、树木组合（26%，143/541例）、豚草（19%，101/541例）、葎草（9%，49/541例）。（3）山西医科大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科门诊过敏性鼻炎患者气传花粉变应原检测结果阳性率与同期优势气传花粉浓度之间存在线性正相关（P<0.05，r=0.999）。综上，太原市3月下旬与5月上中旬形成两个春季花粉播散高峰期，优势气传花粉为杨树和松树花粉；气传花粉变应原sIgE结果阳性率显示蒿草过敏阳性率最高；2022—2023年两年间太原春季优势气传花粉浓度同耳鼻咽喉头颈外科门诊过敏性鼻炎患者的气传花粉变应原检测结果阳性率呈正相关。春季花粉播散规律的监测，能为制定当季过敏性鼻炎患者预防与治疗方案提供重要依据，并为今后太原市过敏性疾病的流行病学调查提供数据参考。.
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