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  • Title: "False friends" in Language Subcortical Mapping: A Systematic Literature Review.
    Author: Marino S, Menna G, Bilgin L, Mattogno PP, Gaudino S, Quaranta D, Caraglia N, Olivi A, Berger MS, Doglietto F, Della Pepa GM.
    Journal: World Neurosurg; 2024 Oct; 190():350-361.e20. PubMed ID: 38968990.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Subcortical brain mapping in awake glioma surgery might optimize the extent of resection while minimizing neurological morbidity, but it requires a correct interpretation of responses evoked during surgery. To define, with a systematic review: 1) a comprehensive 'map' of the principal white matter bundles involved in awake surgery on language-related networks, describing the most employed tests and the expected responses; 2) In linguistics, a false friend is a word in a different language that looks or sounds like a word in given language but differs significantly in meaning. Similarly, our aim is to give the surgeons a comprehensive review of potentially misleading responses, namely "false friends", in subcortical language mapping. METHODS: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Standardized data extraction was conducted. RESULTS: Out of a total of 224 initial papers, 67 were included for analysis. Expected responses, common tests, and potential "false friends" were recorded for each of the following white matter bundles: frontal aslant tract, superior and inferior longitudinal fascicles, arcuate fascicle, inferior fronto-occipital fascicle, uncinate fascicle. Practical examples are discussed to underline the risk of intraoperative fallouts ("false friends") that might lead to an early interruption (false positive) or a risky surgical removal (false negative). CONCLUSIONS: This paper represents a critical review of the present status of subcortical awake mapping and underlines practical "false-friend" in mapping critical crossroads in language-related networks.
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