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  • Title: The clinical spectrum of tricuspid regurgitation detected by pulsed Doppler echocardiography.
    Author: Missri J, Agnarsson U, Sverrisson J.
    Journal: Angiology; 1985 Oct; 36(10):746-53. PubMed ID: 3904535.
    Abstract:
    The clinical diagnosis of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is often difficult. Two-dimensional pulsed Doppler echocardiography offers a sensitive and specific method for detecting and semi-quantitating tricuspid regurgitation. The clinical, radiographic, radionuclide, echocardiographic, and when available, the right cardiac catheterization findings were evaluated in 36 patients with a diagnosis of tricuspid regurgitation by pulsed Doppler. Ten healthy subjects served as controls. The underlying cardiac cause was rheumatic heart disease in 7 (20%), ischemic heart disease in 12 (33%), dilated cardiomyopathy in 5 (14%), hypertensive heart disease in 2 (5%), aortic valve stenosis and/or regurgitation in 3 (8%), mitral valve prolapse with mitral regurgitation in 1 (3%), and congenital heart disease in 6 (17%). Seven patients (19%) had a temporary or permanent transvenous right ventricular pacing wire. A systolic murmur was heard in 29 patients (81%) with 16 (46%) having an elevated jugular venous pressure. Tricuspid regurgitation was clinically suspected in only 2 patients (6%). Isolated tricuspid regurgitation was uncommon, seen in 6 patients (17%), and usually secondary to congenital heart disease, ischemic heart disease, with the use of a transvenous pacing wire and following mitral valve replacement. Right cardiac catheterization was performed in 10 patients, of which 7 demonstrated elevated right atrial and pulmonary artery pressure. Pulsed Doppler echocardiography offers a practical and accurate method of detecting and evaluating the severity of tricuspid regurgitation. Tricuspid regurgitation is generally a functional disorder, and frequently occurs in association with left sided valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy or congenital heart disease.
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