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  • Title: Detection of islet cell surface antibodies using cloned beta cells and comparison of their incidence with that of islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies.
    Author: Grant AM, Harrison DE, Moysey L, Smith D, Ashcroft SJ.
    Journal: Diabetes Res; 1985 Sep; 2(5):225-9. PubMed ID: 3905186.
    Abstract:
    We have investigated the occurrence of islet cell antibodies in sera from newly-diagnosed patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). For detection of islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA), cloned hamster beta cells (HIT-T15) were used and reaction of antibody with the beta cells was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence or by [125I]-protein A binding; the 2 procedures were shown to give good agreement. The use of HIT-T15 beta cells was validated by demonstration of good correlation between results obtained using HIT-T15 beta cells with those using dispersed rat islet cells. The presence of islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICA) and complement fixing islet cell antibodies (CF-ICA) was assessed by conventional indirect immunofluorescence on unfixed, frozen sections of human pancreas. Of 33 sera from newly-diagnosed diabetics, 21 (64%) were positive for ICSA. In comparison, of 40 control sera only 7 (17%) were ICSA-positive. When the diabetic sera were assessed for cytoplasmic antibodies, 20 (60%) were positive for ICA of which half were also positive for CF-ICA. There were 6 IDDM sera which were negative for ICSA but positive for ICA: 7 of the ICSA-positive IDDM sera were negative for both ICA and CF-ICA. In 9 IDDM sera, positive reaction was obtained for all 3 types of antibody. All 9 sera positive for CF-ICA were also positive for ICSA. These data confirm the high incidence (greater than 80%) in IDDM sera of antibodies reacting with islet cells. Of these, the ICSA, which appear from the data to be distinct from ICA and CF-ICA, are possibly most relevant to the pathogenesis of IDDM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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