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  • Title: Development of an IMU based 2-segment foot model for an applicable medical gait analysis.
    Author: Bauer L, Hamberger MA, Böcker W, Polzer H, Baumbach SF.
    Journal: BMC Musculoskelet Disord; 2024 Jul 31; 25(1):606. PubMed ID: 39085824.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: The two most commonly instrumented gait analysis tools used are Optical Motion Capture systems (OMC) and Inertial Measurement Units (IMU). To date, OMC based gait analysis is considered the gold-standard. Still, it is space-, cost-, and time-intense. On the other hand IMU systems are more cost- and time effective but simulate the whole foot as a single segment. To get a more detailed model of the foot and ankle, a new 2-segment foot model using IMU was developed, comparable to the multi-segment foot models assessed by OMC. RESEARCH QUESTION: Can an IMU based 2-segment foot model be developed to provide a more detailed representation of the foot and ankle kinematics? METHODS: To establish a 2-segment foot model, in addition to the previous 1-segment foot model an IMU sensor was added to the calcaneus. This allowed the differentiation between the hindfoot and forefoot kinematics. 30 healthy individuals (mean age 27 ± 7 years) were recruited to create a norm data set of a healthy cohort. Moreover, the kinematic data of the 2-segment foot model were compared to those of the traditional 1-segment foot model using statistical parametric mapping. RESULTS: The 2-segment foot model proved to be applicable. Furthermore, it allowed for a more detailed representation of the foot and ankle joints, similar to other multi-segment foot model. The healthy cohort's norm data set showed a homogeneous motion pattern for gait. CONCLUSION: The 2-segment foot model allows for an extension of IMU-based gait analysis. Futures studies must prove the reliability and validity of the 2-segment foot model in healthy and pathologic situations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II.
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