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  • Title: Structural Basis for Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 nsp16 by Substrate-Based Dual Site Inhibitors.
    Author: Kalnins G, Rudusa L, Bula AL, Zelencova-Gopejenko D, Bobileva O, Sisovs M, Tars K, Jirgensons A, Jaudzems K, Bobrovs R.
    Journal: ChemMedChem; 2024 Dec 16; 19(24):e202400618. PubMed ID: 39258386.
    Abstract:
    Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, possess an mRNA 5' capping apparatus capable of mimicking the natural eukaryotic capping signature. Two SAM-dependent methylating enzymes play important roles in this process: nsp14 methylates the N7 of the guanosine cap, and nsp16-nsp10 methylates the 2'-O- of subsequent nucleotides of viral mRNA. The 2'-O-methylation performed by nsp16-nsp10 is crucial for the escape of the viral RNA from innate immunity. Inhibition of this enzymatic activity has been proposed as a way to combat coronaviruses. In this study, we employed X-ray crystallography to analyze the binding of the SAM analogues to the active site of nsp16-nsp10. We obtained eleven 3D crystal structures of the nsp16-nsp10 complexes with SAM-derived inhibitors, demonstrated different conformations of the methionine substituting part of the molecules, and confirmed that simultaneous dual-site targeting of both SAM and RNA sites correlates with higher inhibitory potential.
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