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  • Title: Overnight Sleep Staging Using Chest-Worn Accelerometry.
    Author: Schipper F, Grassi A, Ross M, Cerny A, Anderer P, Hermans L, van Meulen F, Leentjens M, Schoustra E, Bosschieter P, van Sloun RJG, Overeem S, Fonseca P.
    Journal: Sensors (Basel); 2024 Sep 02; 24(17):. PubMed ID: 39275628.
    Abstract:
    Overnight sleep staging is an important part of the diagnosis of various sleep disorders. Polysomnography is the gold standard for sleep staging, but less-obtrusive sensing modalities are of emerging interest. Here, we developed and validated an algorithm to perform "proxy" sleep staging using cardiac and respiratory signals derived from a chest-worn accelerometer. We collected data in two sleep centers, using a chest-worn accelerometer in combination with full PSG. A total of 323 participants were analyzed, aged 13-83 years, with BMI 18-47 kg/m2. We derived cardiac and respiratory features from the accelerometer and then applied a previously developed method for automatic cardio-respiratory sleep staging. We compared the estimated sleep stages against those derived from PSG and determined performance. Epoch-by-epoch agreement with four-class scoring (Wake, REM, N1+N2, N3) reached a Cohen's kappa coefficient of agreement of 0.68 and an accuracy of 80.8%. For Wake vs. Sleep classification, an accuracy of 93.3% was obtained, with a sensitivity of 78.7% and a specificity of 96.6%. We showed that cardiorespiratory signals obtained from a chest-worn accelerometer can be used to estimate sleep stages among a population that is diverse in age, BMI, and prevalence of sleep disorders. This opens up the path towards various clinical applications in sleep medicine.
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