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  • Title: Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis of causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases.
    Author: Chen C, Yan S, Wan B, Yu Y, Zeng J, Tan L, Lu J.
    Journal: Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban; 2024 Jun 28; 49(6):932-942. PubMed ID: 39311789.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: The causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases has not been previously reported. This study aims to evaluate the causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases. METHODS: The two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method was used to assess the causal effect of eczema on autoimmune diseases. Summary data from the Genome-Wide Association Study Catalog (GWAS) were obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) database. For eczema and autoimmune diseases, genetic instrument variants (GIVs) were identified according to the significant difference (P<5×10-8). Causal effect estimates were generated using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. MR Egger, maximum likelihood, MR-PRESSO, and MR-RAPS methods were used for alternative analyses. Sensitivity tests, including heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and leave-one-out analyses, were performed. Finally, reverse causality was assessed. RESULTS: Genetic susceptibility to eczema was associated with an increased risk of Crohn's disease (OR=1.444, 95% CI 1.199 to 1.738, P<0.001) and ulcerative colitis (OR=1.002, 95% CI 1.001 to 1.003, P=0.002). However, no causal relationship was found for the other 6 autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (OR=0.932, P=0.401), bullous pemphigoid (BP) (OR=1.191, P=0.642), vitiligo (OR=1.000, P=0.327), multiple sclerosis (MS) (OR=1.000, P=0.965), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (OR=1.001, P=0.121), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (OR=1.000, P=0.460). Additionally, no reverse causal relationship was found between autoimmune diseases and eczema. CONCLUSIONS: Eczema is associated with an increased risk of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. No causal relationship is found between eczema and SLE, MS, AS, RA, BP, or vitiligo. 目的: 湿疹与自身免疫性疾病之间的因果关系尚未见报道。本研究旨在评估湿疹与自身免疫性疾病之间的因果关系。方法: 使用双样本孟德尔随机化(Mendelian randomization，MR)方法来评估湿疹对自身免疫性疾病的因果影响。基因组关联研究(Genome-Wide Association Study Catalog，GWAS)汇总数据来自综合流行病学部门(Integrative Epidemiology Unit，IEU)数据库。根据显著性(P<5×10-8)确定湿疹和自身免疫性疾病的遗传工具变异(genetic instrument variants，GIVs)。使用逆方差加权(inverse‐variance weighted，IVW)方法生成因果效应估计；MR Egger、最大似然、MR-PRESSO和MR-RAPS方法进行替代分析；异质性、水平多效性和留一分析进行敏感性测试。最后评估反向因果关系。结果: 患克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease，CD) (OR=1.444，95% CI 1.199~1.738，P<0.001)和溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis，UC) (OR=1.002，95% CI 1.001~1.003，P=0.002)的风险随着湿疹的遗传易感性而增加。但其他6种自身免疫性疾病，包括系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus，SLE) (OR=0.932，P=0.401)、大疱性类天疱疮(bullous pemphigoid，BP) (OR=1.191，P=0.642)、白癜风(OR=1.000，P=0.327)、多发性硬化症(multiple sclerosis，MS) (OR=1.000，P=0.965)、强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis，AS) (OR=1.001，P=0.121)和类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis，RA) (OR=1.000，P=0.460)与湿疹未见因果关系。同时，自身免疫性疾病与湿疹之间不存在反向因果关系。结论: 湿疹患者患CD和UC的风险更高，而湿疹与SLE、MS、AS、RA、BP和白癜风之间无因果关系。. 目的: 湿疹与自身免疫性疾病之间的因果关系尚未见报道。本研究旨在评估湿疹与自身免疫性疾病之间的因果关系。 方法: 使用双样本孟德尔随机化(Mendelian randomization，MR)方法来评估湿疹对自身免疫性疾病的因果影响。基因组关联研究(Genome-Wide Association Study Catalog，GWAS)汇总数据来自综合流行病学部门(Integrative Epidemiology Unit，IEU)数据库。根据显著性(P<5×10-8)确定湿疹和自身免疫性疾病的遗传工具变异(genetic instrument variants，GIVs)。使用逆方差加权(inverse‐variance weighted，IVW)方法生成因果效应估计；MR Egger、最大似然、MR-PRESSO和MR-RAPS方法进行替代分析；异质性、水平多效性和留一分析进行敏感性测试。最后评估反向因果关系。 结果: 患克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease，CD) (OR=1.444，95% CI 1.199~1.738，P<0.001)和溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis，UC) (OR=1.002，95% CI 1.001~1.003，P=0.002)的风险随着湿疹的遗传易感性而增加。但其他6种自身免疫性疾病，包括系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus，SLE) (OR=0.932，P=0.401)、大疱性类天疱疮(bullous pemphigoid，BP) (OR=1.191，P=0.642)、白癜风(OR=1.000，P=0.327)、多发性硬化症(multiple sclerosis，MS) (OR=1.000，P=0.965)、强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis，AS) (OR=1.001，P=0.121)和类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis，RA) (OR=1.000，P=0.460)与湿疹未见因果关系。同时，自身免疫性疾病与湿疹之间不存在反向因果关系。 结论: 湿疹患者患CD和UC的风险更高，而湿疹与SLE、MS、AS、RA、BP和白癜风之间无因果关系。
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