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  • Title: Dietary full-fat or defatted black soldier fly larvae can replace protein sources with no detrimental effect on growth performance or intestinal health of nursery pigs.
    Author: Song YS, Ha DU, Park K, Kim BG.
    Journal: J Anim Sci; 2024 Jan 03; 102():. PubMed ID: 39470409.
    Abstract:
    This work aimed to determine the effects of dietary full-fat or defatted black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) to replace protein sources on growth performance, blood parameters, intestinal morphology, and intestinal microbiota in nursery pigs and to investigate the effects of dietary defatted BSFL at up to 30% at the expense of protein sources on growth performance in nursery pigs. In Exp. 1, a total of 36 barrows with an initial body weight of 7.0 kg (SD = 0.8) were allotted to three dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with four replicate pens per treatment and three barrows per pen. A corn-soybean meal (SBM)-whey-based control diet was prepared with soy protein concentrate and fish meal as additional protein supplements. Two additional diets were prepared to include 20% full-fat BSFL or 20% defatted BSFL to replace soy protein concentrate and fish meal to maintain the same energy and nutrient concentrations in all diets. In the 28-d feeding trial, pigs fed the diet containing defatted BSFL tended to consume more feeds (P < 0.10) than other groups during days 14 to 28 and the overall period. On day 28, the serum blood urea nitrogen in pigs fed the control diet was less (P < 0.05) than that fed the full-fat or defatted BSFL, but fecal score and jejunal morphology did not differ among the treatment groups. Relative abundance of Mycoplasma in the ileal digesta was less (P < 0.05) in the pigs fed the diet containing full-fat or defatted BSFL compared with the control group. In Exp. 2, a total of 192 pigs with an initial body weight of 7.8 (SD = 1.2 kg) were randomly allotted to one of four dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with six replicate pens per treatment and four barrows and four gilts per pen. A control diet was mainly based on corn, SBM, fermented SBM, fish meal, and spray-dried plasma protein (SDPP). Three additional diets were prepared to contain 10%, 20%, and 30% defatted BSFL to replace SBM, fermented SBM, fish meal, and SDPP to maintain for the same energy and nutrient concentrations. Average daily gain, average daily feed intake, gain:feed, and fecal score were not affected by increasing dietary defatted BSFL. Overall, dietary BSFL did not compromise growth performance or intestinal health in nursery pigs. BSFL can be used in nursery pig diets to replace other protein sources without negative effects. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are a valuable source of protein for nursery pigs due to their ability to convert wastes into nutrients. Several studies have investigated the effects of dietary BSFL on growth performance and intestinal health in nursery pigs, but information on the effects of defatted BSFL in nursery pigs and the comparison between full-fat and defatted BSFL is scarce. In Exp. 1, nursery pigs were fed experimental diets containing 20% full-fat or defatted BSFL to replace protein sources in the control diet. The use of BSFL in nursery diets did not affect weight gain, blood parameters, or intestinal morphology. Pigs fed the defatted BSFL-containing diet tended to consume more feeds, and pigs fed the full-fat BSFL-containing diet grew more efficiently compared with the control group. Dietary BSFL affected the microbiota in ileal digesta and feces of pigs. In Exp. 2, nursery pigs were fed experimental diets containing defatted BSFL at 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% to replace protein sources. No difference in growth performance or fecal score was observed among treatment groups. Overall, defatted BSFL can replace protein sources at up to 30% without any negative effects on growth or intestinal health in nursery pigs.
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