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  • Title: Dietary Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaf powder improves growth performance and antioxidant capacity via Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in broilers.
    Author: Hu Z, Qiu Y, Han J, Feng F, Chu Y, Li Z, Jiang L, Sun Z, Wang L, Chen C, Tang Z.
    Journal: J Anim Sci; 2024 Jan 03; 102():. PubMed ID: 39513326.
    Abstract:
    This study focused on the effects of dietary Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves (ZBL) powder on the growth performance and antioxidant capacity via the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in broilers. The experiment adopted a single-factor completely random design, and 440 healthy 1-d-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group (CON) was fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet, the CZ1 group was fed a basic diet with 1% ZBL powder, the CZ2 group fed a basic diet with 2% ZBL powder, and the CZ3 group fed a basic diet with 3% ZBL powder. The experiment was divided into the starter period (1 to 21 d) and the grower period (22 to 42 d). There were 5 replicates per group in the starter period, with 22 chickens per replicate. The same grouping as in the starter period was used in the grower period, with 20 chickens per replicate. The results showed that the addition of ZBL powder to the diet had no adverse effects on the growth performance and morphological structure of the intestine of broiler chickens in the CZ1 and CZ2 groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the diet with 1% and 2% ZBL powder significantly increased the antioxidant indicators such as CAT, T-AOC, and T-SOD in the serum and liver tissue of broiler chickens, it upregulated the related gene expression of nuclear factor erythroid derived-2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) signaling pathway such as Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, SOD1, and CAT in the jejunal mucosa and enhanced the expression of ZO-1 and OCLN genes in the jejunal mucosa (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 1% and 2% of ZBL powder in the daily diet can enhance the body's antioxidant capacity by elevating antioxidant levels in both serum and liver, upregulating the expression of genes associated with the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in the jejunal mucosa, and helps maintain the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier. The optimal addition level of ZBL powder in the diet was determined by quadratic regression analysis to be 1.36% to 1.60% during days 1 to 21 and 1.14% to 1.50% during days 22 to 42. Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves (ZBL) are rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, polysaccharides, and polyphenols, which exhibit significant antioxidant, antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of adding different proportions of ZBL powder to the diet on the growth performance and antioxidant function of broiler chickens. Using the statistical method of one-way ANOVA and polynomial contrasts were employed to examine the linear and quadratic responses to the increasing levels of ZBL in diets. The study verified the addition of 1% and 2% of ZBL powder to the diet has no adverse effects on the growth performance of broiler chickens and can improve the antioxidant capacity of the body, maintain the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and effectively alleviate oxidative stress during the breeding process. Through quadratic regression analysis, the optimal dietary addition range for days 1 to 21 of the experiment is 1.36% to 1.60%, and the optimal dietary addition range for days 22 to 42 is 1.14% to 1.50%. The study showed that ZBL can be applied as a non-conventional feed resource in broiler production, providing a theoretical basis and production guidance for the application and promotion of ZBL in animal husbandry.
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