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  • Title: Prolonged release extradural morphine.
    Author: Howard EC, Murray GR, Calvey TN, Williams NE.
    Journal: Ann R Coll Surg Engl; 1985 Jan; 67(1):8-10. PubMed ID: 3966787.
    Abstract:
    The effects of extradural administration of a microcrystalline preparation of morphine (Duromorph) were studied in 5 patients with postoperative or malignant pain. As assessed by pain scores on a visual analogue scale, the effects of the analgesic were extremely variable; the best results were obtained in patients with postoperative pain. Two patients with chronic pain due to malignant disease developed slow respiratory rates. The plasma concentration of morphine usually followed a biphasic pattern; an initial peak between 0.5 and 1.5 hours was succeeded by a second, large peak between 6 and 12 hours. There was little or no apparent relation between the plasma concentration of morphine and the relief of pain, suggesting that Duromorph may have a local effect on the spinal cord.
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