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  • Title: Huge left atrial thrombus and valve degeneration in a patient with a bioprosthetic, porcine, mitral valve.
    Author: Zoneraich S, Ballas M, Wessely Z, Zoneraich O, Greenspan J, Rosner F.
    Journal: Angiology; 1985 Feb; 36(2):120-4. PubMed ID: 4025921.
    Abstract:
    A 43 year old man with a Hancock porcine bioprosthetic valve in the mitral position developed a huge thrombus filling the entire left atrium and chronic degeneration of the bioprosthetic mitral valve. The effective valve orifice was less than 2 mm. These severe findings leading to the patient's death remained undetected while he was alive. This case illustrates the great need for a serial phonoechocardiographic studies in all patients with prosthetic valves.
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