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  • Title: Spontaneous morphine withdrawal from the rat spinal cord.
    Author: Marshall DC, Buccafusco JJ.
    Journal: Experientia; 1985 Sep 15; 41(9):1151-2. PubMed ID: 4043325.
    Abstract:
    A characteristic and reproducible sign of narcotic withdrawal is the naloxone induced increase in arterial pressure. In morphine-dependent rats allowed to undergo spontaneous withdrawal (6-24 h) and then transected at the spinal C-1 level, arterial pressure was maintained at a significantly higher level than either spinal-transected nondependent controls or morphine-dependent, spinal-transected rats pithed from C-1 to L-4. These findings indicate that the morphine-dependent spinal cord, independent of supraspinal influences, is able to exhibit an autonomic component of spontaneous withdrawal.
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