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  • Title: The embryotoxicity of gossypol.
    Author: Beaudoin AR.
    Journal: Teratology; 1985 Oct; 32(2):251-7. PubMed ID: 4049283.
    Abstract:
    In utero development was analyzed in pregnancies that resulted from matings between gossypol-treated male rats and untreated female rats and in pregnancies in which gossypol was administered to the pregnant rat only. Gossypol treatment of males had no effect on the outcome of pregnancy. There was no significant effect on resorption, fetal growth, or malformation rate. Similarly, gossypol administered to pregnant dams at stages during organogenesis had no observable effect on pregnancy. Under the conditions of this experiment, gossypol administered to either the breeding male rat or the pregnant female rat had no demonstrable adverse effect on development in utero. Sprague-Dawley rats were used to analyze in utero development in pregnancies that resulted from matings between gossypol-treated male rats and untreated female rats and in pregnancies in which gossypol was administered to the pregnant rat only. The maximum tolerated dose of gossypol in rats is reported to be 15-20 mg/kg/day with this dose inducing infertility within 5 weeks. 5, 10, 20 mg/kg doses were used. A total of 38 males received gossypol, 19 at 20 mg/kg; 16 at 10 mg/kg; 3 died from complications resulting from the procedure and not from the gossypol. 20 males were used as controls and received the sesame oil-gum tragacanth mixture. The males were healthy throughout the experiment. The gossypol induced infertility in all male rats treated with the 20-mg/kg dose, but its onset and duration were variable. Infertility began as early as the 4th week with the low dose and as late as the last week of treatment (9th week), but 3 males continued to have fertile matings even after 16 weeks of gossypol treatment. Gossypol administered to males had no significant effec on day 20 fetal weight or on the incidence of resorption. In the gossypol-treated groups, 1 malformed fetus occurred from a mating before treatment and 2 malformed fetuses occurred from matings during treatment. The remaining 7 malformed fetuses were from matings after treatment. The effects of gossypol when administered to pregnant dams as a single gavage dose during 1 day of pregnancy were examined. The days of treatment were gestation days 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, or 16. Neither the 10-mg/kg dose nor the 20-mg/kg dose had any adverse effect in the dams. Their pregnancies were uneventful, and the dams remained healthy throughout the experiment. The incidence of malformations was very low in both experimental and control litters. No adverse effect of gossypol on the health of the pregnant dam was observed. On the basis of the study findings, it is concluded that gossypol treatment of male rats does not influence the outcome of pregnancies resulting from conception during or after the treatment period.
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