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  • Title: Occipito-atlanto-axial malformation with atlanto-axial subluxation in an ataxic calf.
    Author: Watson AG, Wilson JH, Cooley AJ, Donovan GA, Spencer CP.
    Journal: J Am Vet Med Assoc; 1985 Oct 01; 187(7):740-2. PubMed ID: 4055492.
    Abstract:
    Occipito-atlanto-axial malformation with atlanto-axial subluxation was diagnosed radiographically in a 4-day-old Holstein calf with a short neck, symmetric ataxia, and tetraparesis, indicative of a cervical spinal cord lesion. Necropsy confirmed the clinical diagnosis and revealed ribs on C-7, with partial fusion of C-7 and T-1. Histologic examination revealed focal degeneration of the spinal cord in the second cervical segment at the level of the atlanto-axial joint and extensive secondary neuronal fiber degeneration possibly caused by spinal cord trauma that occurred in utero.
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