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  • Title: Vitamin levels in chronic renal failure and need for supplementation.
    Author: Stein G, Sperschneider H, Koppe S.
    Journal: Blood Purif; 1985; 3(1-3):52-62. PubMed ID: 4096835.
    Abstract:
    Deficiencies of water-soluble vitamins may occur in uremic patients mainly because of restricted consumption and of loss during chronic hemo- and peritoneal dialysis. Although the daily requirement for most vitamins is not well defined in chronic renal failure supplementation of the vitamins thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, niacin and ascorbic acid, the form of one multivitamin preparation without vitamin A as well as folic acid in dialysis patients after each dialysis is recommended. There is no need for vitamin B12, vitamin A and vitamin E.
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